利用大型系外行星干涉仪（LIFE）探测宜居系外行星的大气层
Detecting habitable exoplanet atmospheres with LIFE, the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets
AI总结：
研究旨在用大型系外行星干涉仪（LIFE）探测宜居系外行星大气层。通过对比，指出 LIFE 比 NASA 的 HWO 能探测更广泛生物特征及相关环境，可鉴别甲烷等，还能研究 HWO 因空间分辨率有限无法观测的附近岩石系外行星。
AI中文摘要：
天文学家利用下一代望远镜的一个关键目标是探测系外行星大气层中的生命迹象。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的下一个旗舰项目是宜居世界天文台（HWO）。在欧洲航天局（ESA）的“2050 年航行”计划背景下，高级委员会报告将在中红外波段探测宜居系外行星大气层列为优先事项。最适合此任务的是大型系外行星干涉仪（LIFE），它能探测比 HWO 更广泛的生物特征，且浓度更低。LIFE 是一项基于苏黎世联邦理工学院的全球科学合作项目。凭借英国在建造红外仪器方面的专业知识，英国可在实现由欧洲主导的雄心勃勃的任务中发挥主导作用。值得注意的是，LIFE 能够探测必要的行星环境，如表面温度和压力，以及生物特征误报的关键鉴别分子甲烷，而 HWO 探测这些则困难得多或根本无法做到。此外，LIFE 将能够研究许多通过径向速度搜索已知的附近岩石系外行星，由于 HWO 空间分辨率有限，这些行星它无法观测到。
英文摘要：
A key goal of astronomers with the next generation telescopes is to detect signs of life in exoplanet atmospheres. NASA's next flagship is the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). In the context of ESA's Voyage 2050 program, the Senior Committee report prioritises detecting habitable exoplanet atmospheres in the mid-IR. The most suited mission for this is the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE) which can detect an even wider range of biosignatures than HWO and at lower concentrations. LIFE is a global science collaboration based out of ETH Zürich. With the UK's expertise in building infrared instruments we could play a leading role in realising an ambitious European-led mission. Notably, LIFE is able to detect necessary planetary context like surface temperature and pressure, along with a key discriminator molecule for biosignature false positives, methane, which will be much harder or impossible with HWO. Also, LIFE will be able to investigate many of the nearby rocky exoplanets known from radial velocity searches that are inaccessible to HWO due to its limited spatial resolution.
