发表机构
Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University; College of Engineering, UC Berkeley; Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Hong Kong（清华大学工业工程系; 加州大学伯克利分校工程学院; 香港大学经管学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对电商供应链规划中孤立项目及面临的难题，提出模拟-提出-然后-优化-处置方法（SPORD）及NetSim平台，通过解耦实现加速模拟与操作闭环，应用后提升服务质量、降低履约率并实现碳减排，推动模拟用于主动规划。
AI 中文摘要
多年来，电商公司的供应链规划是一个个孤立项目的集合。从静态网络规划到动态仓库分类规划，每个任务都需分析师从头建模、校准并说服高管采用难以验证的结果。这有三个障碍：标准化难致定制模型泛滥；组合规模大超出求解器处理能力；高管不信任则最优解无法实施。为此提出并实现模拟-提出-然后-优化-处置方法（SPORD）及NetSim平台。核心是解耦，模拟生成并评估有效候选路径，整数规划选择全局最优子集。计算上加速模拟，操作上通过智能诊断引擎建立闭环。自2025年起，NetSim为超20000家供应商优化端到端服务，跨区域履约率从6.1%降至4.9%，月均碳减排约5745吨二氧化碳当量。SPORD将模拟从监控变为主动规划，透明输出让高管参与协作，模块化架构便于下次规划只需配置而非重建。
英文摘要
For years, supply chain planning at e-commerce firms has operated as a collection of isolated projects. Each planning task from static network planning to dynamic warehouse assortment planning requires analysts to spend weeks building models from scratch, calibrating and persuading executives to act on outputs they cannot verify. Three barriers drive this: bespoke models proliferate because standardization is difficult (operational fragmentation); once unified, the combinatorial scale of millions of SKUs, thousands of nodes, and intricate routing logic exceeds what solvers can handle within a tight window (computational intractability); and a mathematically optimal solution still fails to be implemented if the executives do not trust it (implementation hurdle). To bridge this gap, we propose and implement the Simulation-Propose-then-OR-Dispose method, deployed as JD.com's NetSim platform. The central insight is decoupling: simulation proposes by generating and evaluating the full set of operationally valid candidate paths-absorbing all idiosyncratic business logic, while an integer program disposes by selecting the globally optimal subset. Computationally, matrix-vectorized CPU/GPU accelerated simulation achieves a 10-100 times speedup over serial methods, and a list scheduling algorithm reduces coupled-order processing from hours to minutes. Operationally, we establish a closed loop via an intelligent diagnosis engine. Since 2025, NetSim has optimized end to-end services for over 20,000 suppliers, the cross-regional fulfillment rate dropped from 6.1% to 4.9%, and the average monthly carbon reduction is approximately 5,745 tCO2e. SPORD moves simulation from monitoring to active planning. The transparent outputs turn skeptical executives into engaged collaborators, and the modular architecture ensures that the next planning requires just configuration, not reconstruction.
