AI 中文总结
介绍双温诱导相分离（2-TIPS）这一非平衡机制，总结其在软物质系统中的进展，强调非平衡机制与新兴有序相，讨论相分离动力学等，概述未来研究关键方向。
AI 中文摘要
双温诱导相分离（2-TIPS）已成为具有非均匀活性的标量活性系统中的一种通用非平衡机制，其中与不同热库耦合的粒子会自发地分离成致密的冷相和稀薄的热相。与平衡相分离或运动诱导相分离（MIPS）不同，2-TIPS仅由不等的能量注入以及由此产生的粒子种类间的热通量驱动。本综述总结了2-TIPS在各种软物质系统中的最新进展，强调了其通用的非平衡机制以及由粒子形状各向异性、手性、限制和拓扑结构产生的新兴有序相。我们还讨论了密度依赖的相分离动力学以及将微观动力学与宏观行为联系起来的粗粒化描述，并概述了未来研究的关键方向。
英文摘要
Two-temperature induced phase separation (2-TIPS) has emerged as a generic non-equilibrium mechanism in scalar active systems with heterogeneous activity, where particles coupled to different thermal reservoirs spontaneously demix into dense cold and dilute hot phases. Unlike equilibrium phase separation or motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), 2-TIPS is driven solely by unequal energy injection and the resulting heat flux between particle species. This review summarizes recent advances in 2-TIPS across diverse soft-matter systems, highlighting both its universal non-equilibrium mechanisms and the emergent ordered phases arising from particle shape anisotropy, chirality, confinement, and topology. We further discuss density-dependent phase-separation kinetics and coarse-grained descriptions linking microscopic dynamics to macroscopic behavior, and outline key directions for future research.
CommentsSubmitted to the Europhysics Letters
