AI 中文总结
研究针对当前及下一代CMB B模式实验中极化银河发射模拟难题，介绍未来LiteBIRD卫星利用更多波段和更高灵敏度，通过矩展开形式应对前景光谱行为规范描述极限的挑战，以更好表征星际介质发射光谱特性。
AI 中文摘要
准确模拟极化的银河发射已成为当前和下一代宇宙微波背景（CMB）B模式实验的一项重大挑战。在沿视线和大天空区域积分时忽略热尘埃和银河同步辐射发射的光谱复杂性，不可避免地会导致CMB极化分析出现偏差。在这项工作中，我们回顾了未来的LiteBIRD卫星将如何利用相对于普朗克等过去的CMB实验增加的波段数量和灵敏度，利用其更宽的频率覆盖来表征银河系三维结构中星际介质发射的光谱特性。我们表明，前景光谱行为的规范描述对LiteBIRD将达到其极限，并且可以使用矩展开形式来应对这一挑战。
英文摘要
Accurate modeling of polarized Galactic emission has become a major challenge for current and next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode experiments. Ignoring the spectral complexity of thermal dust and Galactic synchrotron emission when integrating along the line of sight and over large sky fractions inevitably leads to biases in CMB polarization analyses. In this work, we review how the future LiteBIRD satellite, which will benefit from an increased number of bands and sensitivity with respect to past CMB experiments such as Planck, will exploit its broader frequency coverage to characterize the spectral properties of interstellar medium emission across the three-dimensional structure of the Milky Way. We show that the canonical description of foreground spectral behavior will reach its limits for LiteBIRD, and that this challenge can be addressed using the moment expansion formalism.
