AI 中文总结
研究基于模型工程中跨学科团队变更沟通问题，提出将形式化指定变更映射为与模型无关语言变更描述的函数，经混合方法评估，在技术可行性、适用性及合理性等方面取得成果，为变更自动化、无关模型描述提供起点。
AI 中文摘要
在基于模型的工程中，跨学科团队通过模型协作，模型随系统开发不断变化，因此正确描述变更对工程师至关重要。但一个学科的工程师所做的变更，其他学科的工程师很难理解。为克服这一局限，可导出与模型无关的变更描述，其保留变更语义且无需特定模型知识。这里有两种相反方法，用非正式语言或形式化变更概念描述变更。非正式语言缺乏客观性和标准化，形式化变更概念缺乏人类可解释性，均不利于跨学科沟通。本文提出函数，将用增量建模方法表示的形式化指定变更映射为与模型无关语言的变更描述。在详尽的混合方法评估中，弥合了变更理论与实际表示之间的差距。通过实施框架定量评估技术可行性，沿案例研究评估技术适用性；在用户研究中定性评估合理性、实际适用性和可扩展性。我们的工作为基于模型的工程项目中变更的自动化、与模型无关的描述提供了一个有前景的起点。
英文摘要
In model-based engineering, inter-disciplinary teams collaborate through models, which change over time for purposes of system development, what makes the proper description of such changes crucial for engineers. However, any change made by the engineer of one discipline will be difficult to understand by the engineers of other disciplines. To overcome this limitation, model-independent change descriptions can be derived instead, which preserve semantics of the changes and do not require model-specific knowledge. The two opposing approaches here are to describe changes using either informal language or formal notions of change. While informal language lacks objectivity and standardisation, formal notions of change lack human interpretability, and thus offering no support for inter-disciplinary communication. In this paper, we propose functions to map formally specified changes, represented in the approach of delta modelling, to change descriptions in model-independent language. In an exhaustive mixed-methods evaluation, we bridge the gap between the theoretical and the practical representation of changes. We quantitatively assess technical feasibility, with an implementation framework, and technical applicability, along a case study; and we qualitatively assess plausibility, practical applicability, and extensibility, in a user study. Our work shows a promising starting point for automated, model-independent description of changes in model-based engineering projects.
