AI 中文总结
研究利用广义相对论光线追踪技术，计算克尔黑洞和白洞阶段吸积盘成像，分析相关参数影响，引入偏振光线追踪计算，发现白洞偏振图像特征与黑洞不同，其强度环结构和偏振不连续性可助VLBI区分黑洞和白洞。
AI 中文摘要
在圈量子引力等理论框架中，黑洞可能通过量子反弹演化为白洞。本文采用广义相对论光线追踪技术，计算克尔黑洞和反弹后克尔白洞阶段之前宇宙阶段吸积盘的光线追踪成像。计算表明，黑洞图像呈现新月形发射环和中心阴影。相比之下，来自先前宇宙的辐射穿透旋转白洞后，由于参考系拖拽和透镜效应，合成图像中会形成偏心且不对称的嵌套强度环结构。我们利用合成图像和强度剖面分析了自旋参数、观测倾角和吸积盘几何构型对这种嵌套环结构分布的影响。在此基础上，我们引入了跨演化阶段辐射的偏振光线追踪计算。这一过程导致在光子穿过白洞视界和内部时空时，偏振矢量受到引力场和时空自旋拖拽后产生偏振图像特征。白洞偏振图像中的空间旋转模式和同心干涉条纹呈现出明显的环间偏振不连续性。这种现象与黑洞的偏振行为不同。强度环结构和偏振环间不连续性特征提供了多波段和偏振干涉测量基线，以克服形态观测简并性。这为未来甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）区分黑洞和白洞提供了理论指导。
英文摘要
Within theoretical frameworks such as loop quantum gravity, black holes may evolve into white holes through a quantum bounce. This paper uses general relativistic ray-tracing techniques to calculate the ray-traced imaging of accretion disks from the previous cosmic stage during the Kerr black hole and post-bounce Kerr white hole phases. Calculations show that the black hole image presents a crescent emission ring and a central shadow. In contrast, after radiation from the previous universe penetrates the rotating white hole, eccentric and asymmetric nested intensity ring structures form in the synthetic image due to frame-dragging and lensing effects. We analyze the influence of spin parameters, observation inclinations, and accretion disk geometric configurations on the distribution of this nested ring structure using synthetic images and intensity profiles. Building upon this, we introduce polarized ray-tracing calculations for radiation across evolutionary stages. This process results in the polarization image features after the polarization vector is subjected to the gravitational field and spacetime spin dragging during the photon propagation through the white hole horizon and internal spacetime. The spatial rotation patterns and concentric interference fringes in the white hole polarization images exhibit a distinct inter-ring polarization discontinuity. This phenomenon differs from the polarization behavior of black holes. The intensity ring structures and polarization inter-ring discontinuity features provide multi-band and polarimetric interferometry baselines to overcome morphological observational degeneracies. This provides theoretical guidance for future very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) to distinguish black holes and white holes.
Comments11 pages, 14 figures. Extended work of Chinese Physics C,49(2):025109 (2025)
