AI 中文总结
研究利用时间分辨洛伦兹透射电子显微镜，可视化混合反斯格明子结构的微波驱动动力学，解析其皮秒级演化及核心运动轨迹，微磁模拟辅助，确立了超快电子显微镜在探测拓扑磁孤子高频动力学方面的实空间方法。
AI 中文摘要
微波可用于低能激发及高频自旋动力学探测。对于拓扑自旋纹理，微波激发应产生丰富集体响应，但超快动力学的直接实空间观测有限。本文利用时间分辨洛伦兹透射电子显微镜，可视化由中心反斯格明子和表面斯格明子组成的混合结构中的微波驱动动力学。解析了反斯格明子面积和二次谐波信号的皮秒级演化，追踪了其核心运动轨迹，微磁模拟再现关键观测结果并关联动态模式与核心轮廓沿厚度的空间调制。这些成果确立了超快电子显微镜作为探测拓扑磁孤子高频微波驱动动力学的强大实空间方法。
英文摘要
Microwaves provide coherent access to low-energy excitations and serve as effective probes of high-frequency spin dynamics in quantum and magnetic systems. For topological spin textures, microwave excitation is expected to generate rich collective responses, yet direct real-space observation of ultrafast dynamics remains limited. Here we use time-resolved Lorentz transmission electron microscopy to visualize microwave-driven dynamics in a hybrid antiskyrmion structure composed of a central antiskyrmion and surface skyrmions. We resolve the picosecond evolution of antiskyrmion area and second-harmonic signals, evidencing nonlinear responses of spin textures under microwave excitations. We track the core motions of the antiskyrmion and surface skyrmions, which follow distinct trajectories while sharing the same rotational sense. Micromagnetic simulations reproduce the key observations and associate the dynamic modes with the spatial modulation of the core profile along the thickness. These achievements establish ultrafast electron microscopy as a powerful real-space approach for probing high-frequency microwave-driven dynamics of topological magnetic solitons.
