人工智能系统能有创造力吗？来自艺术与工程学的批判性视角
Can an AI System Be Creative? A Critical Perspective from Art and Engineering
AI总结：
从艺术与工程双重视角探讨人工智能系统能否有创造力，借鉴博登框架指出其在变革式创造力上的局限及缺乏意外性机制等问题，提出人机创造性协作模型并以实验说明。
AI中文摘要：
本文从一位兼具电气工程、模式识别、机器学习、神经网络背景，且一生投身艺术（演员、导演、作家、作曲家、视觉艺术家）与哲学的研究者的双重视角，探讨人工智能系统是否具有创造力。借鉴玛格丽特·博登的基础框架，包括创造力的三个属性（新颖性、惊喜感和价值）及三种创造过程（组合式、探索式和变革式），认为人工智能系统在最强意义上结构上无法具备创造力。虽在组合式创造力领域有能力，但探索式创造力受限，根本无法进行变革式创造力。还指出当前人工智能系统最重要的局限在于缺乏意外性机制及主体位置。最后提出一个现实且有生成性的人机创造性协作模型，并通过具体实验说明。本文本身就是其论点的例证，通过人机协作过程创作而成。
英文摘要：
This paper examines the question of whether artificial intelligence (AI) systems can be creative, approached from the dual perspective of a researcher trained in electrical engineering, pattern recognition, machine learning, and neural networks, who has also spent most of his life engaged in the arts as actor, stage and film director, writer, composer, and visual artist, and in philosophy. Drawing on Margaret Boden's foundational framework, both her three properties of creativity (novelty, surprise, and value) and her three types of creative processes (combinatorial, exploratory, and transformational), the paper argues that AI systems are structurally incapable of creativity in its strongest sense. While they exhibit genuine capability in the domain of combinatorial creativity, they are significantly bounded in exploratory creativity, and fundamentally incapable of transformational creativity. The paper further argues that the most important limitation of current AI systems is not the absence of novelty per se, but the absence of any mechanism for serendipity, accident, or the unexpected, all of which play a central role in the phenomenology of creativity, and the absence of any subject position from which to recognize and welcome such chance events. The paper concludes by proposing a model of human, AI creative collaboration that is both realistic and generative, illustrated by several concrete experiments. The paper is itself a demonstration of the thesis it advances: it was composed through a deliberate human AI collaborative process, which is described in the methodological note that opens it.
