AI 中文总结
研究3D晕分布空洞与2D弱引力透镜图空洞的对应关系，用VIDE和隧道算法构建目录，量化空间关联。发现小角间距处WL空洞与低红移晕空洞正相关，相关幅度依赖选择方案且有红移依赖性，还研究了空洞形态影响，为相关观测分析提供指导。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了在3D晕分布中识别出的空洞与在弱引力透镜（WL）收敛图中检测到的空洞之间的对应关系。我们使用了108次全天透镜模拟，其源星系红移分布与暗能量调查第3年样本一致。分别使用VIDE和隧道算法构建了3D晕空洞和WL空洞目录。通过测量WL空洞中心周围晕空洞的角过剩数密度来量化这两种空洞的空间关联。我们在小角间距处检测到WL空洞与低红移晕空洞（0 < z_hv < 0.5）之间存在统计学上显著（S/N >= 25）的正相关，表明WL空洞追踪了大尺度物质分布中真正的低密度区域。相关幅度紧密依赖于WL空洞选择方案，当应用严格的峰值幅度阈值时会减小，从而减少检测到的WL空洞数量并拓宽其有效尺寸。该信号还显示出强烈的红移依赖性：由于WL核效率下降，高红移的晕空洞表现出较弱的相关性，而从高红移源区间识别出的WL空洞由于视线结构贡献增加而产生更强的相关性。我们还研究了晕空洞形态的影响，发现沿视线方向排列较弱的更圆的空洞与WL空洞的关联略强。我们的结果为3D结构对WL选择的低密度区域的贡献提供了新见解，并为未来旨在将WL空洞解释为物质场示踪剂的观测分析提供了指导。
英文摘要
We investigate the correspondence between voids identified in the 3D halo distribution and those detected in WL convergence maps. We used 108 realizations of the full-sky lensing simulations, populated with a source galaxy redshift distribution consistent with the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 sample. Catalogs of 3D halo voids and WL voids were constructed using the VIDE and tunnel algorithms, respectively. The spatial association between the two populations was quantified by measuring the angular excess number density of halo voids around WL void centers. We detected a statistically significant (S/N >= 25) positive correlation between WL voids and low-redshift halo voids (0 < z_hv < 0.5) at small angular separations, indicating that WL voids trace genuine underdensities in the large-scale matter distribution. The correlation amplitude closely depends on the WL void selection scheme and decreases when stringent peak-amplitude thresholds are applied, thereby reducing the number of detected WL voids and broadening their effective sizes. The signal also displays a strong redshift dependence: halo voids at higher redshift exhibit weaker correlations because of the declining efficiency of the WL kernel, while WL voids identified from higher-redshift source bins produce stronger correlations due to the increased contribution from line-of-sight structures. We additionally examined the impact of halo-void morphology and found that rounder voids with a weaker alignment along the line of sight display marginally stronger associations with WL voids. Our results provide new insights into the contribution of 3D structure to WL-selected underdensities and offer guidance for future observational analyses seeking to interpret WL voids as tracers of the matter field.
