顺序决策与社会认识论的算法方法
Algorithmic Approaches to Sequential Decision-Making and Social Epistemology
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文运用算法工具研究顺序决策与社会认识论问题，在多臂老虎机问题中给出算法上下界及数据驱动保证，在社会认识论中分析理论模型作用，研究悲观陷阱及毅力影响，为相关现象建模并提供算法干预框架。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
作为人类，我们面临许多在坚持与放弃之间做出选择的决策。本文运用算法工具在理论模型中深入洞察此类决策问题，研究近乎最优的方法以及社会和行为影响的结果。在第一部分，研究改进的多臂老虎机问题中的顺序决策算法，给出一般情况下近乎匹配的上下界，并在数据驱动算法设计框架下给出保证。第二部分研究社会认识论问题的算法方法，分析理论模型在社会问题研究中的作用，研究决策中社会和行为影响，给出悲观陷阱形成的数学形式并开发金融干预措施，还研究了毅力在雄心勃勃决策中的影响。总体而言，这些工作旨在从理论上对社会认识论现象建模并提供算法干预框架。
英文摘要
As humans, we face many decisions that require us to choose between sticking to something and giving up. This thesis uses algorithmic tools to derive insights about such decision-making problems in theoretical models, studying both near-optimal methods and outcomes of social and behavioral influences. Along the way, this thesis sheds light on what we gain and what we lose as we move from a messy and complex real world setting to a very general abstract model by studying various points along this spectrum. In Part I, we study algorithms for sequential decision-making in the improving multi-armed bandits problem. We provide nearly matching upper and lower bounds in the general case. Then, we then ask what is possible if we have access to similar instances to the one we wish to deploy our algorithm on. To that end, we provide guarantees in the data-driven algorithm design framework, showing that a polynomial number of samples is sufficient for learning good algorithms from a class of algorithms. In Part II, we study algorithmic approaches for problems in social epistemology. We start by analyzing what role theoretical models can play in the study of social problems. We then study social and behavioral influences in decision-making requiring investment. First, we provide mathematical formalism in which to study the formation of pessimism traps, a phenomenon identified by philosophers in which agents are influenced by their predecessors to engage in less-ambitious goals. We develop financial interventions to sustainably shift communities out of these traps. The second problem we study is the influence of grit as a behavioral trait in ambitious decision-making. Overall, these works seek to theoretically model phenomena in social epistemology and provide a framework for intervening algorithmically.
发表机构
- Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago（芝加哥丰田技术研究所）
- Emory University（埃默里大学）
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