AI 中文总结
研究对用于下一代望远镜的近红外光谱仪SHARP进行结构-热-光学性能分析，用Ansys模拟热过程，用Zemax OpticStudio分析光学性能，结果表明其能在满足机械和热约束下实现光学性能目标，为低温天文仪器开发提供框架。
AI 中文摘要
低温近红外光谱仪的设计和验证需要严格的多学科分析，以确保在实际运行条件下的光学性能。本文对SHARP仪器进行了结构-热-光学性能（STOP）分析，该仪器是为与即将用于极大望远镜（ELT）的多共轭自适应光学（MCAO）系统配合使用而设计的多模式光谱仪。使用Ansys进行瞬态和稳态热模拟，以模拟光机结构内的冷却过程和温度分布。通过线性插值将所得温度场映射到结构模型，从而能够评估光学元件的热应力和变形。使用Ansys Zemax OpticStudio进行光学灵敏度和公差分析，并应用蒙特卡罗模拟来评估对偏心、倾斜和离焦误差的鲁棒性。结果表明，SHARP的均方根光斑半径值保持在接受阈值内，并且包含补偿器显著提高了所有通道对包络能量（EE）要求的符合程度。分析证实，SHARP可以在保持机械和热约束的同时实现其光学性能目标，为下一代低温天文仪器的开发提供了一个经过验证的框架。
英文摘要
The design and verification of cryogenic near-infrared spectrographs require rigorous multidisciplinary analyses to ensure optical performance under realistic operational conditions. In this work, we present a structural-thermal-optical performance (STOP) analysis of the SHARP instrument, a multi-mode spectrograph designed for use with upcoming multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems on Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). Transient and steady-state thermal simulations were performed using Ansys to model the cooldown process and temperature distribution within the opto-mechanical structure. The resulting temperature fields were mapped to structural models through linear interpolation, enabling the evaluation of thermal stresses and deformations of optical elements. Optical sensitivity and tolerance analyses were carried out using Ansys Zemax OpticStudio, with Monte Carlo simulations applied to assess robustness against decenter, tilt, and despace errors. Results indicate that SHARP maintains RMS spot radius values within acceptance threshold, and that the inclusion of compensators significantly enhances compliance with the Ensquared Energy (EE) requirement across all channels. The analysis confirms that SHARP can achieves its optical performance goals while remaining within mechanical and thermal constraints, providing a validated framework for the development of next-generation cryogenic astronomical instrumentation.
CommentsPublished in Applied Optics journal
Journal refApplied Optics Vol. 65, Issue 19, pp. 6514-6524 (2026)
