AI 中文总结
针对江门地下中微子观测站等大型液体闪烁探测器校准源定位难题，开发超声定位系统，结合声速建模、波形重建等方法，实现厘米级定位精度，支持离轴校准。
AI 中文摘要
在大型液体闪烁探测器（如JUNO）中，精确的源定位对于探测器校准至关重要，特别是在纯机械控制不足的区域。已开发出一种超声定位系统，用于重建校准源的三维坐标，且不干扰光子收集或污染液体闪烁体。该方法结合了基于专用实验室测量和探测器内温度分布的声速建模、基于波形的到达时间重建，以及使用中心轴部署对有效接收器几何形状进行原位校准。六个有源接收器的中心轴定位相对于已知部署参考的平均误差为1.23厘米。对于电缆环系统校准平面中的离轴操作，包含定时分辨率、声速变化和接收器坐标涂抹的探测器实际模拟预测定位不确定度为2.40厘米。这些结果表明超声定位可为大型液体闪烁探测器提供厘米级的源精度，并支持像JUNO这样的实验中的离轴校准。
英文摘要
Precise source positioning is essential for detector calibration in large liquid scintillator detectors such as JUNO, particularly in regions where purely mechanical control is insufficient. An ultrasonic positioning system has been developed to reconstruct the three-dimensional coordinates of a calibration source without interfering with photon collection or contaminating the liquid scintillator. The method combines a sound-speed modeling based on dedicated laboratory measurements and in-detector temperature profiles, waveform-based arrival-time reconstruction, and an in-situ calibration of the effective receiver geometry using central-axis deployments. With six active receivers, central-axis positioning yields a mean error of 1.23 cm relative to the known deployment reference. For off-axis operation in the Cable Loop System calibration plane, a detector-realistic simulation that includes timing resolution, sound-speed variation, and receiver-coordinate smearing predicts a positioning uncertainty of 2.40 cm. These results demonstrate that ultrasonic positioning can provide centimetre-level source accuracy for large liquid scintillator detectors and can support off-axis calibration in JUNO-like experiments.
Comments19 pages, 15 figures
