AI 中文总结
研究基于显式插值多项式给出复方阵谱投影器的直接构造,得到谱分解,可据此证明主分解定理等,其较弱形式经伽罗瓦不变性论证可扩展到完美域产生若尔当 - 谢瓦莱分解。
AI 中文摘要
我们基于先前引入的显式插值多项式,给出了复方阵谱投影器的直接构造。这产生了谱分解\(A=\sum_{i=1}^r(\lambda_iP_i+N_i)\),通过简短的形式论证证明了主分解定理、凯莱 - 哈密顿定理、可对角化准则和正规矩阵的谱定理。该构造的较弱形式通过伽罗瓦不变性论证扩展到任何完美域,并产生若尔当 - 谢瓦莱分解。
英文摘要
We give a direct construction of the spectral projectors of a complex square matrix, based on explicit interpolation polynomials previously introduced. This yields a spectral resolution $A=\sum_{i=1}^r(λ_iP_i+N_i)$ from which the Primary Decomposition Theorem, the Cayley--Hamilton theorem, criteria for diagonalizability, and the spectral theorem for normal matrices are proved by short formal arguments. A weaker form of the construction, extends to any perfect fields via a Galois invariance argument and produces the Jordan--Chevalley decomposition.
Comments13 pages