AI 中文总结
研究2009 - 2025年ICME成分与太阳活动关系，利用ACE卫星上SWICS数据，分析多个参数，发现$\langle Q_{\rm Fe}\rangle$等与太阳黑子数有不同相关性，Fe/O在特定阶段升高，证实ICME成分受太阳周期强烈调制。
AI 中文摘要
日冕物质抛射（CMEs）是最剧烈的太阳爆发之一，将磁化等离子体从日冕喷射到行星际空间。其行星际对应物，即行星际日冕物质抛射（ICMEs），保留了反映其太阳源区物理条件的独特成分特征。本研究对2009 - 2025年期间ICME成分对太阳活动的依赖性进行了统计分析，涵盖太阳周期（SC）24以及SC 25从上升阶段到最大值的过程，并将结果与文献[Song+etal+2021]研究的SC 23进行比较。利用先进成分探测器（ACE）上的太阳风离子成分光谱仪（SWICS）的数据，我们研究了理查森和凯恩ICME目录中列出的307个ICME的平均铁电荷态（$\langle Q_{\rm Fe}\rangle$）、离子比率（C$^{6+}$/C$^{5+}$和O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$）以及元素丰度比（Fe/O）。结果表明，$\langle Q_{\rm Fe}\rangle$（$r$ = 0.86）和O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$（$r$ = 0.85）与年黑子数（SSN）呈强正相关，而C$^{6+}$/C$^{5+}$呈现弱相关（$r$ = 0.17），主要是由于SWICS 2.0高端饱和截断抑制了太阳最大值信号，Fe/O呈中等相关（$r$ = 0.57）。Fe/O比率作为第一电离势（FIP）效应的代理，在SC 24和SC 25的最大值期间显示出升高的值，表明在磁活动增加期间元素分馏增强。与SC 23相比，我们发现ICME成分的整体太阳周期依赖性在不同周期中持续存在，尽管由于不同周期之间的磁活动水平不同而存在显著的定量差异。这些发现证实ICME成分特征受到太阳周期的强烈调制。
英文摘要
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are among the most energetic solar eruptions, expelling magnetized plasma from the corona into interplanetary space. Their interplanetary counterparts, known as Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), retain distinct compositional signatures that reflect the physical conditions of their solar source regions. This study presents a statistical analysis of ICME composition dependence on solar activity during 2009--2025, covering Solar Cycle (SC) 24 and the ascending phase of SC~25 through its maximum, and compares the results with SC~23 studied by \citet{Song+etal+2021}. Using data from the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) aboard the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), we examined the average iron charge state ($\langle Q_{\rm Fe}\rangle$), ionic ratios (C$^{6+}$/C$^{5+}$ and O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$), and the elemental abundance ratio (Fe/O) for 307 ICMEs listed in the Richardson and Cane ICME catalog. The results show strong positive correlations of $\langle Q_{\rm Fe}\rangle$ ($r$~=~0.86) and O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$ ($r$~=~0.85) with the annual sunspot number (SSN), whereas C$^{6+}$/C$^{5+}$ exhibits a weak correlation ($r$~=~0.17) primarily due to SWICS~2.0 upper-end saturation truncation that suppresses the solar maximum signal, and Fe/O a moderate correlation ($r$~=~0.57). The Fe/O ratio, a proxy for the First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect, displayed elevated values during the maxima of both SC~24 and SC~25, suggesting enhanced elemental fractionation during periods of increased magnetic activity. Comparing with SC~23, we find that the overall solar cycle dependence of ICME composition persists across cycles, though with notable quantitative differences attributed to the different magnetic activity levels between cycles. These findings confirm that ICME compositional signatures are strongly modulated by the solar cycle.
Comments4 figures, 13 pages
Journal refResearch in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 26, Number 11, 2026
