AI 中文总结
研究原行星盘中尘埃和气体传输，用三维非理想磁流体动力学模拟，发现盘亚结构非传输绝对障碍，巨行星是有效但不完整过滤器，支持“泄漏间隙”情景，解释内盘成分多样，表明卵石隔离是渐进过滤过程。
AI 中文摘要
原行星盘中的径向尘埃传输是塑造行星形成和盘化学的关键过程。我们使用三维非理想磁流体动力学模拟研究了在有嵌入式行星的风发射盘中，这种传输以及气体传输是如何被调节的。我们发现盘亚结构并非传输的绝对障碍。低质量行星使盘结构脱离磁风主导，而木星质量的行星会打开一个深间隙并引发螺旋激波。即便如此，风驱动的吸积仍持续存在；行星重塑而非取代磁驱动流，使间隙本质上具有时间依赖性且部分可渗透。早期向内传输受抑制后，会发展出局部的、方位间歇性的流入通道，实现持续的跨间隙传输。这种传输强烈依赖尺寸：小颗粒与气体耦合并容易穿透间隙，而较大颗粒则被有效地捕获在行星外部。因此，巨行星是一个有效但不完整的过滤器而非完美屏障。这些结果支持了“泄漏间隙”情景，即径向传输由亚结构调节而非停止。富含挥发性物质的材料可在间隙打开前及通过持续泄漏被输送到内盘，这为詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜推断出的内盘成分多样性提供了自然解释。同样，核心增长过程中的卵石隔离应被视为一个渐进的过滤过程而非二元转变。更一般地说，盘亚结构是动态演化的特征，其传输效率取决于其物理起源（磁驱动与行星驱动）。
英文摘要
Radial dust transport in protoplanetary disks is a key process shaping planet formation and disk chemistry. We investigate how this transport, along with gas transport, is regulated in wind-launching disks with embedded planets using three-dimensional nonideal MHD simulations. We find that disk substructures do not act as absolute barriers to transport. Low-mass planets leave the disk structure dominated by the magnetic wind, while a Jupiter-mass planet opens a deep gap and drives spiral shocks. However, even in this regime, wind-driven accretion persists; the planet reshapes rather than replaces the magnetically driven flow, leaving the gap intrinsically time-dependent and partially permeable. Early-phase suppression of inward transport is followed by the development of localized, azimuthally intermittent inflow channels that enable continued cross-gap transport. This transport is strongly size-dependent: small grains remain coupled to the gas and readily penetrate the gap, whereas larger grains are efficiently trapped outside the planet. Consequently, a giant planet acts as an efficient but incomplete filter rather than a perfect barrier. These results support a "leaky gap" scenario, where radial transport is regulated rather than halted by substructures. Volatile-rich material can be delivered to the inner disk both before gap opening and via continued leakage, providing a natural explanation for the diverse inner disk compositions inferred from JWST. Similarly, pebble isolation during core growth should be viewed as a gradual filtering process rather than a binary transition. More generally, disk substructures are dynamically evolving features whose transport efficiency depends on their physical origin (magnetic versus planet-driven).
CommentsAccepted by MNRAS on 2026 July 20. 20 pages, 14 figures, animated versions of the figures are attached in the individual captures
Journal refMon Not R Astron Soc (2026)
