AI 中文总结
研究高斯-博内特准伸缩子大质量引力中宇宙表观视界热力学性质，推导方程并研究平衡与非平衡态下热力学定律，证明总熵变非负及全息熵界稳健，表明该引力理论从相关角度是一致的修正理论。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了高斯-博内特准伸缩子大质量引力中宇宙表观视界的热力学性质。推导并重新整理了修正的弗里德曼方程以研究表观视界的热力学第一和第二定律，考虑了平衡态和非平衡态。平衡态下第一定律保持常规形式，广义第二定律在零能量条件下满足；非平衡态下，瓦尔德熵有高斯-博内特耦合修正，第一定律有附加项。证明了在零能量条件、正视界温度条件和高斯-博内特正性约束同时满足时总熵变非负。还研究了全息熵界，表明在现实物理流体温度下该界在所有宇宙时期都能稳健保持，且高斯-博内特正性约束与稳定性约束兼容。结果表明该引力理论从视界热力学和全息原理角度是一致的修正引力理论。
英文摘要
We investigate the thermodynamic properties of the cosmological apparent horizon in Gauss-Bonnet quasi-dilaton massive gravity. We derive the modified Friedmann equations and reformulate them in standard form, thereby allowing us to study the first and second laws of thermodynamics for the apparent horizon. Both equilibrium and non-equilibrium states are considered. In the equilibrium description, the first law retains the conventional form with the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for the horizon entropy, and we show that the generalized second law is satisfied under the null energy condition. In the non-equilibrium description, the Wald entropy receives a correction from the Gauss-Bonnet coupling, and the first law acquires an additional term associated with using the Wald entropy representation of the Gauss-Bonnet sector. We demonstrate that the total entropy change is non-negative provided the null energy condition, the positive horizon temperature condition, and the Gauss-Bonnet positivity constraints $ξ(σ)\ge0$ are simultaneously satisfied. Furthermore, we investigate the holographic entropy bound $S_{\text{inside}} \le S_{\text{horizon}}$. We demonstrate that while the idealized local thermal equilibrium assumption leads to a formal saturation or apparent breakdown during dust-dominated eras, the bound is robustly preserved across all cosmological epochs when utilizing realistic physical fluid temperatures. The condition $ξ(σ)\ge0$ is shown to be compatible with the stability constraints derived from tensor perturbations in our previous work. Our results establish that Gauss-Bonnet quasi-dilaton massive gravity is a consistent modified gravity theory from the perspective of horizon thermodynamics and the holographic principle.
Comments16 pages
