AI 中文总结
研究二维结构超润滑性的热力学钉扎判据，通过定义完全滑动和钉扎零温度相及相关测量量，在二维离散模型中测试多种势，发现测试模型符合弹性松弛滑动状态，指出$\Lambda=1$是重构尺度非静态相判据。
AI 中文摘要
不可公度性和弹性重构本身并不能定义结构超润滑相。我们分别通过$\limsup_{A\to\infty}\tau_{\rm dep}^{\max}(A)=0$和$\liminf_{A\to\infty}\tau_{\rm dep}^{\min}(A)>0$定义完全滑动和钉扎的零温度相；$\Lambda_n=|V_n|G_{n,i}[D_{\rm rel}^{-1}(\mathbf q_n)]_{ij}G_{n,j}$仅测量重构敏感性。平移协方差证明干净、光滑、无限的莫尔连续体可以重构而不产生体滑动势垒。我们在石墨烯/hBN的二维离散模型中恢复原子采样，测试了扩散量子蒙特卡罗第一星势和15谐波莱文势在三个有理近似和五个方向上的情况。未解析出物理耦合平衡或亚稳势垒。莱文谱将最大测试$\Lambda$从$0.142$提高到$0.212$，而通过$\Lambda=1$的人工缩放会在出现与尺寸无关的阈值之前达到不受控制的应变。因此，测试的零温度面内模型与弹性松弛滑动状态一致；$\Lambda=1$是重构尺度，而非静态相判据。
英文摘要
Incommensurability and elastic reconstruction do not by themselves define a structurally superlubric phase. We define fully sliding and pinned zero-temperature phases by $\limsup_{A\to\infty}τ_{\rm dep}^{\max}(A)=0$ and $\liminf_{A\to\infty}τ_{\rm dep}^{\min}(A)>0$, respectively; $Λ_n=|V_n|G_{n,i}[D_{\rm rel}^{-1}(\mathbf q_n)]_{ij}G_{n,j}$ measures only reconstruction susceptibility. Translational covariance then proves that a clean, smooth, infinite moiré continuum can reconstruct without acquiring a bulk sliding barrier. We restore atomic sampling in a two-dimensional discrete model of graphene/hBN and test both a diffusion quantum Monte Carlo first-star potential and a 15-harmonic Leven potential across three rational approximants and five directions. No physical-coupling equilibrium or metastable barrier is resolved. The Leven spectrum raises the largest tested $Λ$ from $0.142$ to $0.212$, while artificial scaling through $Λ=1$ reaches uncontrolled strain before a size-independent threshold appears. The tested zero-temperature in-plane models are therefore consistent with an elastically relaxed sliding regime; $Λ=1$ is a reconstruction scale, not a static phase criterion.
