AI 中文总结
研究开发与空化一致的声扰动框架预测空化流声音，将空化物理嵌入声方程，纳入多种效应分辨噪声源。经一维波传播问题验证后用于绕圆柱和水翼空化流，能分析源频率等，为流体声学相关研究提供有效工具。
AI 中文摘要
本文开发了一个与空化一致的声扰动框架，用于预测空化流中声音的产生和传播。与传统的单相或弱可压缩流声扰动方程不同，该公式将空化物理直接嵌入声方程。空化声扰动方程（CAPE）在统一公式中纳入了蒸汽质量传递、混合物可压缩性和压力率效应，使空化引起的噪声源能够在计算域中得到分辨。通过一维波传播问题验证了数值框架。解决方案对进一步的网格和时间步长细化不敏感，完美匹配层抑制边界反射，预测的源频率范围内的衰减遵循斯托克斯声衰减定律。然后将该框架应用于绕圆柱和NACA水翼的空化流。非空化基准显示与非定常载荷相关的偶极子状辐射，而空化情况则表现为由体积相变引起的单极子状或几何调制辐射。源项分析确定了与涡旋脱落、空化脱落和坍塌诱导激励相关的音调频率。相变项对单极子状源提供直接的体积贡献，而局部坍塌事件通过压力率源的放大出现。所提出的框架将声扰动方法扩展到空化多相流，并为海洋和水力应用中的流体声学预测、源定位和机理分析提供了一个有效的工具。
英文摘要
This work develops a cavitation-consistent acoustic perturbation framework for predicting sound generation and propagation in cavitating flows. Unlike conventional acoustic perturbation equations for single-phase or weakly compressible flows, the proposed formulation embeds cavitation physics directly into the acoustic equations. The cavitation acoustic perturbation equations (CAPE) incorporate vapor mass transfer, mixture compressibility, and pressure-rate effects within a unified formulation, allowing cavitation-induced noise sources to be resolved in the computational domain. The numerical framework is verified using one-dimensional wave-propagation problems. The solutions become insensitive to further mesh and time-step refinement, the perfectly matched layer suppresses boundary reflections, and the predicted attenuation over a range of source frequencies follows Stokes' sound attenuation law. The framework is then applied to cavitating flow past a circular cylinder and a NACA hydrofoil. The non-cavitating benchmark shows dipole-like radiation associated with unsteady loading, whereas cavitating cases exhibit monopole-like or geometry-modulated radiation caused by volumetric phase change. Source-term analyses identify tonal frequencies associated with vortex shedding, cavity shedding, and collapse-induced excitation. The phase-change terms provide a direct volumetric contribution to the monopole-like source, while localized collapse events appear through amplification of the pressure-rate source. The proposed framework extends acoustic perturbation methods to cavitating multiphase flows and provides an efficient tool for hydroacoustic prediction, source localization, and mechanism analysis in marine and hydraulic applications.
