AI 中文总结
研究反常玻色子聚束现象，提出其受总不可区分性而非仅内部不可区分性支配的观点，通过重新表述保留相关联系并阐明机制，还揭示该现象多方面情况，展示添加可区分性源对聚束概率的影响。
AI 中文摘要
反常聚束是一种矛盾的量子干涉现象，其中部分可区分的光子比完全不可区分的光子表现出更高的聚束到两个或更多模式的概率。虽然这种效应与矩阵永久式的某些猜想的违反直接相关，但反常现象背后的机制尚未完全理解。本文表明，玻色子聚束不仅受内部不可区分性的支配，还受后选择输出态的总不可区分性的支配。总不可区分性将内部自由度（如偏振或到达时间）与其波函数的空间自由度结合起来，这些自由度限于干涉仪的测量输出模式。这种重新表述保留了玻色子聚束与总不可区分性之间的预期联系，同时阐明了反常聚束是如何产生的。它还揭示了同一现象的几个其他方面，这些方面在一个统一框架中得到体现。特别是，我们展示了添加一个独立的可区分性源（内部或空间）可以增强多模甚至单模聚束概率的情况，为可区分性在多光子干涉中的微妙作用提供了新的见解。
英文摘要
Anomalous bunching is a paradoxical quantum interferometric phenomenon in which partially distinguishable photons exhibit a higher probability of bunching into two or more modes than fully indistinguishable photons [Nat. Photonics 17, 702 (2023)]. While this effect is directly linked to violations of certain conjectures on matrix permanents, the mechanism underlying the anomaly is not yet fully understood. Here, we show that boson bunching is governed not by internal indistinguishability alone, but by the total indistinguishability of the postselected output state. Total indistinguishability combines the internal degrees of freedom, such as polarization or arrival time, with the spatial degrees of freedom of their wave functions restricted to the measured output modes of the interferometer. This reformulation preserves the expected connection between boson bunching and total indistinguishability, while clarifying how anomalous bunching can arise. It also reveals several additional facets of the same phenomenon, which are captured within a unified framework. In particular, we exhibit situations in which adding an independent source of distinguishability, either internal or spatial, can enhance multimode or even single-mode bunching probabilities, offering new insights into the subtle role of distinguishability in multiphoton interference.
Comments15 pages, 6 figures
