AI 中文总结
研究利用中微子点源数据，通过独立约束天体物理输入，给出提取非弹性\(pp\)和\(p\gamma\)截面双边边界的方法。应用该方法获得了不同质心能量的约束，部分超出对撞机探测范围，若干约束比幺正性限制更严格。
AI 中文摘要
高能中微子源于大质心能量的过程，为测试可比尺度或超越地球上对撞机实验可及尺度的物理提供了窗口。本文通过电磁观测或理论论证独立约束每个天体物理输入（宇宙线光度和靶密度），给出从点源中微子数据提取非弹性\(pp\)和\(p\gamma\)截面双边边界的方法。将此框架应用于IceCube与TXS~0506 + 056、NGC~1068及银道面的关联，11个X射线亮塞弗特星系的叠加样本，超高能KM3NeT事件KM3 - 230213A及超高能中微子的预期观测，获得了质心能量从\(\sqrt{s}\sim1\)GeV到\(\sim10^{5}\)GeV的约束，部分超出LHC及HERA对\(p\gamma\)通道的探测范围，且若干约束比幺正性限制更严格。
英文摘要
High-energy neutrinos arise from processes at large center-of-mass energies, offering a window to test physics at comparable scales or beyond those accessible in collider experiments on Earth. Here, we present a recipe for extracting two-sided bounds on the inelastic $pp$ and $pγ$ cross sections from neutrino point-source data, by independently constraining every astrophysical input (cosmic-ray luminosities and target densities) through electromagnetic observations or theoretical arguments. The cross section is then the only remaining free parameter. Applying this framework to the IceCube associations with TXS~0506+056, NGC~1068, and the Galactic Plane, to a stacked population of eleven X-ray bright Seyfert galaxies, to the ultra-high-energy KM3NeT event KM3-230213A, and to projected observations of ultra-high-energy neutrinos, we obtain constraints that span center-of-mass energies from $\sqrt{s}\sim 1$ GeV to $\sim 10^{5}$ GeV, some of which are well beyond the reach of the LHC and, for the $pγ$ channel, beyond HERA. Several of these bounds are more stringent than unitarity limits.
Comments18 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures
