拓扑偏振测量法：组织散射产生的偏振斯格明子和涡旋
Topological Polarimetry: Polarization Skyrmions and Vortices from Tissue Scattering
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究通过对未染色人乳腺组织的偏振分辨测量，发现组织结构产生的偏振涡旋和斯格明子，用涡旋缠绕数和斯格明子电荷量化，证明恶性与健康组织拓扑不同，确立拓扑不变量可表征组织，推动拓扑偏振测量法发展。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
传统上，组织偏振测量的斯托克斯-米勒描述是通过双折射、去极化和螺旋度保持等局部可观测量来解释的。我们表明组织结构在偏振场本身中产生拓扑结构。对未染色的人乳腺组织进行偏振分辨测量，揭示了偏振涡旋，并且在组织结构提供耦合方位角和径向变化的地方，发现了尼尔型偏振斯格明子。这些结构通过涡旋缠绕数和斯格明子电荷进行量化，这些整数值拓扑不变量在均匀介质中消失，因此提供了组织异质性的零背景读数。恶性导管癌表现出非平凡的偏振拓扑，而相邻的健康组织在拓扑上仍然平凡。这些结果将偏振场的拓扑不变量确立为组织结构的可物理解释的可观测量，并推动拓扑偏振测量法成为一种基于场的组织表征方法。
英文摘要
The Stokes-Mueller description of tissue polarimetry is conventionally interpreted through local observables such as birefringence, depolarization, and helicity preservation. We show that tissue structure generates topology in the polarization field itself. Polarization-resolved measurements of unstained human breast tissue reveal polarization vortices and, where the tissue architecture provides coupled azimuthal and radial variation, Neel-type polarization skyrmions. These structures are quantified by the vortex winding number and skyrmion charge, integer-valued topological invariants that vanish for homogeneous media and therefore provide zero background readouts of tissue heterogeneity. Malignant ductal carcinoma exhibits non-trivial polarization topology, whereas adjacent healthy tissue remains topologically trivial. The results establish topological invariants of the polarization field as physically interpretable observables of tissue organization and motivate topological polarimetry as a field-based approach to tissue characterization.
