AI 中文总结
研究网络保险市场面临的累积事件威胁，提出建模和校准云中断情景及衡量投资组合多样化的框架，可防范风险并提供承保指南降低投资组合对云中断情景的脆弱性。
AI 中文摘要
网络保险市场的扩张仍面临可能同时影响大量投保人的累积事件威胁。尽管目前此类灾难较少，但网络风险特性使其有可能发生。因此需要压力测试工具评估保险投资组合能否抵御危机。欧洲保险和职业养老金管理局（EIOPA）已将云中断确定为网络保险压力测试框架中的关键情景之一。本文提出一个框架，用于对云中断情景进行建模和校准，并衡量网络保险投资组合的多样化。还展示了这种多样化如何防范累积风险，并提供承保指南以降低投资组合对云中断情景的脆弱性。
英文摘要
The expansion of the cyber insurance market remains exposed to the threat of accumulation events that could simultaneously affect a large number of policyholders. Although few such catastrophes have been observed so far, apart from worldwide cyberattacks such as WannaCry and NotPetya in 2017, the nature of cyber risk makes their occurrence plausible. Stress-testing tools are therefore needed to assess whether an insurance portfolio can withstand such crises. In this perspective, the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) has identified cloud outage as one of the key scenarios to consider in cyber insurance stress-testing frameworks. In this paper, we propose a framework to model and calibrate cloud-outage scenarios and to measure the diversification of a cyber insurance portfolio. We also show how this diversification can protect against accumulation risk and provide underwriting guidelines to reduce the vulnerability of a portfolio to cloud-outage scenarios.
