AI 中文总结
研究利用横向场伊辛模型为史瓦西黑洞背景下的马约拉纳费米子提供量子模拟，不同坐标表示对应不同微观模型，连续极限下收敛到相同场论，可通过自旋关联测量模拟检测黑洞粒子产生，为研究弯曲时空费米子QFT提供实用途径。
AI 中文摘要
弯曲时空的量子场论（QFT）有深刻预测，如昂鲁效应和霍金辐射，但因信号极弱难以直接观测。本文表明横向场伊辛模型可为史瓦西黑洞背景下的马约拉纳费米子提供量子模拟器。同一时空的不同坐标表示对应不同微观伊辛自旋模型，虽微观有差异，但连续极限下收敛到相同马约拉纳场论，展现广义协变性。还展示了如何通过自旋关联测量模拟和检测黑洞粒子产生，并讨论了可实现这些模型的实验平台。为用可控量子多体系统和桌面实验研究弯曲时空的费米子QFT建立了实用途径。
英文摘要
Quantum field theory (QFT) in curved spacetime has led to profound predictions, including the Unruh effect and Hawking radiation, yet their direct observation remains extraordinarily challenging because of their extremely weak signatures. Here, we show that the transverse-field Ising model provides a quantum simulator for Majorana fermions in a Schwarzschild black hole background. Remarkably, different coordinate representations of the same spacetime-Schwarzschild, tortoise, Kruskal, and conformally flat-map onto distinct microscopic Ising spin models. Despite their microscopic differences, these models converge in the continuum limit to the same Majorana field theory, exhibiting an emergent form of general covariance. This provides a rare example of a fundamental symmetry of general relativity arising as an emergent property of a condensed matter system. We further demonstrate how black hole particle production can be simulated and detected through spin correlation measurements, and discuss experimental platforms capable of realizing these models. Our work establishes a practical route for investigating fermionic QFT in curved spacetime using controllable quantum many-body systems and tabletop experiments.
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