具有缺陷的二维维格纳晶体理论：相互作用、熔化转变和集体模式
Theory of two-dimensional Wigner crystals with defects: Interactions, melting transitions and collective modes
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究二维维格纳晶体中缺陷对长波特性的影响，用对偶技术构建框架研究不同缺陷对相互作用能，探讨缺陷增殖导致的熔化转变及空位费米液体性质，为相关研究提供起点。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
维格纳固体的物理特性由弹性和长程静电相互作用决定，赋予晶体缺陷与电荷中性晶体不同的性质。近期二维晶格熔化和维格纳晶体相邻相的实验，促使研究缺陷如何影响此类固体的长波特性。本文用对偶技术构建研究空位、间隙原子、位错和向错对二维带电晶体有效作用贡献的综合框架，系统研究不同缺陷对组合的相互作用能。进一步研究因缺陷增殖导致的熔化转变，评估和论证文献中的一些假设。在以有限空位基态密度为特征的金属维格纳晶体相中，发现声子色散关系随空位密度异常变化。进而讨论如何在熔化温度和声速测量中探测这种空位费米液体的热力学性质。本文发展的场论可作为研究有缺陷的反常霍尔晶体和电荷密度波的起点。
英文摘要
The physics of Wigner solids is characterized by an interplay of elasticity and long-range electrostatics, endowing crystal defects with properties distinct from those in charge-neutral crystals. Recent experiments observing lattice melting and Wigner-crystal-adjacent phases in two dimensions necessitate an examination of how defects affect the long-wavelength properties of such solids. Here, we use duality techniques to construct a comprehensive framework for studying the contribution of vacancies and interstitials, dislocations, and disclinations to the effective action of two-dimensional charged crystals. This allows for a systematic investigation of the interaction energies for the different combinations of defect pairs. We further study melting transitions due to defect proliferation, assessing and justifying some of the assumptions present in the literature. In the metallic Wigner crystal phase, characterized by a finite ground state density of vacancies, we find phonons with a dispersion relation that varies in an unusual way with the vacancy density. Consequently, we discuss how thermodynamic properties of such a vacancy Fermi liquid can be probed in measurements of the melting temperature and speed of sound. The field theory developed here can serve as a starting point in the study of anomalous Hall crystals and charge density waves with defects.
