进入牛顿-普罗卡星的极端质量比旋进
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals into Newtonian Proca stars
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究牛顿极限下普罗卡星对内部小扰动物体旋进的响应，考虑球对称和非球对称情况，计算轨道物体能量损失并与标量场情况对比，发现基态能量损失相似但能量损失率有差异，推动在相对论框架下进一步研究。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
大质量玻色子场可形成自引力孤子结构，对于矢量场而言即为普罗卡星。对于超轻场，这些结构可描述星系中心超大质量黑洞周围暗物质晕的核心。有观点认为未来引力波探测器或许能探测暗物质结构的性质。然而，多数关于超轻暗物质的分析聚焦于大质量标量场。本文在牛顿极限下研究普罗卡星对其内部一个小扰动物体旋进的响应。我们考虑了牛顿球对称普罗卡星和非球对称基态解。计算了轨道物体损失的总能量，并与玻色星由标量场构成的情况作比较。结果表明，在牛顿层面，物体在普罗卡星基态损失的能量与其标量场对应情况相似，相对差异至多约20%；当存在中心寄生黑洞时，基态构型中的最大轨道能量损失率可比球对称普罗卡星大1至2个数量级。我们的工作促使有必要在完全相对论框架下研究进入普罗卡星的极端质量比旋进，预计普罗卡星和标量玻色子星基态之间的差异会更显著。
英文摘要
Massive bosonic fields can form self-gravitating solitonic structures, which for vector fields are known as Proca stars. For ultralight fields, these structures can describe the cores of dark matter haloes surrounding the supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies. It has been argued that future gravitational-wave detectors might be able to probe the properties of dark matter structures. However, most of the analyses considering ultralight dark matter have focused on massive scalar fields. In this work, we study how Proca stars respond to a perturbing small object inspiralling in their interior, in the Newtonian limit. We consider both Newtonian spherically symmetric Proca stars and the nonspherically symmetric ground-state solutions. We compute the total energy lost by the orbiting object and compare it to the case where the bosonic star is composed of a scalar field. Our results show that, at the Newtonian level, the energy lost by the object in a Proca star ground state is similar to that in its scalar field counterpart, with relative differences of at most $\sim 20\%$, while the maximum orbital energy loss rate in the ground-state configuration can be one to two orders of magnitude larger than in the spherically symmetric Proca star, when a central parasitic black hole is present. Our work motivates the need to study extreme mass-ratio inspirals into Proca stars using a fully relativistic setup, where differences between the Proca and scalar boson star ground states are expected to become more significant.
发表机构
- Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL（里斯本大学技术学院）
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