AI 中文总结
GUEST旨在探测微赫兹频段引力波，通过两个部署在高偏心率地球轨道的被动球体，由卫星激光测距站跟踪至少10年。它能开展多领域科学计划，如搜索超大质量黑洞双星引力波、探测超轻暗物质等，在引力波探测等方面有重要贡献。
AI 中文摘要
GUEST是一个空间任务概念，其核心目标是探测微赫兹频段的引力波，这是一个目前或计划中的探测器都无法有效探测的富含物理信息的频率窗口。该概念很简单：两个覆盖有角锥棱镜的致密被动球体，部署在高偏心率（$e \gtrsim �.7$，周期$P \gtrsim 33$小时）的地球轨道上，由全球卫星激光测距站网络连续跟踪至少10年，预期总时长30年。轨道本身充当振荡引力扰动的共振探测器，微赫兹灵敏度源于所选轨道参数。从同一数据流中，GUEST提供了一个跨越粒子物理学、引力波天文学、宇宙学、天体物理学和大地测量学的基础与应用科学计划：首次在微赫兹频段对超大质量黑洞双星引力波进行连贯搜索，探索脉冲星计时阵列和LISA未探索的能量尺度间隙中的原初引力波背景，在其他实验未涉及的参数区域专门探测超轻暗物质，寻找超轻玻色子的新方法，在天文距离上对新引力相互作用进行数量级改进的测试，以及在绝对确定地球引力常数$GM_\oplus$方面的重大突破，这对全球大地测量观测系统以及未来导航和地球观测任务至关重要。本文介绍了GUEST的动机、科学范围和任务概念。
英文摘要
GUEST is a space mission concept whose central objective is the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) in the microhertz band -- a physics-rich frequency window that no other present or planned detector can reach at a significant level. The concept is simple: two dense, passive spheres, covered with cube-corner retroreflectors, deployed in {highly eccentric} Earth orbits ($e \gtrsim 0.7$, period $P \gtrsim 33$ h), tracked continuously by the global network of satellite laser-ranging stations over a minimum observation time of 10 years, with an expected total duration of 30 years. The orbits themselves act as resonant detectors of the oscillating gravitational perturbations, with the microhertz sensitivity emerging from the selected orbital parameters. From the same data stream, GUEST delivers a programme of fundamental and applied science that cuts across particle physics, gravitational-wave astronomy, cosmology, astrophysics, and geodesy: the first coherent search for GWs from supermassive black-hole binaries in the $μ$Hz band, the exploration of primordial GW backgrounds in the unexplored energy-scale gap between pulsar-timing arrays and LISA, a dedicated probe of ultra-light dark matter in a parameter region untouched by any other experiment, a new way to search for ultra-light bosons, order-of-magnitude-improved tests of new gravitational interactions at astronomical ranges, and a step change in the absolute determination of $GM_\oplus$ that underpins the Global Geodetic Observing System and future navigation and Earth-observation missions. This white paper presents the motivation, scientific reach, and mission concept of GUEST.
Comments23 pages, 14 figs
