发表机构
QuantumOS（量子OS）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究在IBM量子硬件上对对称密码结构进行量子密码分析，用西蒙算法恢复Even-Mansour密码隐藏周期至N = 10，还恢复特定Feistel结构周期，提供五种量子攻击基准测试，展示真实硬件成果、算法覆盖广度并给出可重现基准。
AI 中文摘要
我们报告了在真实的IBM量子硬件（ibm_kingston，Heron一代）上执行的对称密码结构的真实、未编译且忠实于教科书的量子密码分析。使用西蒙算法，我们在真实硬件上恢复了Even-Mansour密码的隐藏周期，安全参数N达到10，超过了之前报道的最大真实硬件密钥恢复N = 4。我们还成功恢复了块大小为6和8的3轮Feistel（DES族）结构的周期；一个21量子比特的块10实例在模拟中得到验证并提交到硬件。我们进一步提供了五种真实量子攻击的广度优先基准测试，涵盖四种对称密码设计范式。我们明确指出攻击范围：这些攻击针对Q2（量子查询）模型中的简化或结构化构造，渐近遵循生日界，不构成相对于经典碰撞查找的量子优势，不破坏完整的AES/RSA或16轮DES，且依赖于错误缓解而非容错纠错。我们的贡献在于在创纪录的结构规模上进行真实硬件演示，涵盖四种范式的真实算法覆盖广度，以及带有公开工件的诚实、可重现基准测试。
英文摘要
We report genuine-un-compiled, textbook-faithful-quantum cryptanalysis of symmetric-cipher structures executed on real IBM quantum hardware (ibm\_kingston, Heron generation). Using Simon's algorithm we recover the hidden period of the Even-Mansour cipher up to security parameter N = 10 on real hardware, beyond the largest previously reported real-hardware key recovery of N = 4, and we cleanly recover the periods of a 3-round Feistel (DES-family) construction at block sizes 6 and 8; a 21-qubit block-10 instance is verified in simulation and submitted to hardware. We further provide a breadth-first benchmark of five genuine quantum attacks spanning four symmetric-cipher design paradigms -- Bernstein-Vazirani (linear structure, single query), Grover (SPN key search, quadratic), and Simon (Even-Mansour, CBC-MAC forgery, and Feistel; exponential-to-polynomial in query complexity) -- validated to the classical-simulation ceiling of 25 qubits. We are deliberately explicit about scope: these attacks target reduced or structured constructions in the Q2 (quantum-query) model, asymptotically follow the birthday bound and therefore do not constitute quantum advantage over classical collision-finding, do not break full AES/RSA or 16-round DES, and rely on error mitigation rather than fault-tolerant error correction. Our contribution is the real-hardware demonstration at record structure sizes, the breadth of genuine algorithmic coverage across four paradigms, and an honest, reproducible benchmark with public artifacts.
