AI 中文总结
研究利用手征干涉电路对复合量子门进行相敏基准测试，构建并实验实现相关电路，在IBM量子处理器上测试。通过引入误差比较单比特与复合门鲁棒性，发现H5s/X5序列表现突出，三级电路有类似增强及误差抵消对称性。
AI 中文摘要
我们构建并实验实现了紧凑的门原生电路，用于模拟三能级和四能级手征分辨协议背后的状态转移干涉。两种模型都编码在两比特寄存器中，四级电路中通过条件相位操作、三级电路中通过最终旋转的符号来模拟其中一个耦合的对映体依赖符号。在IBM量子处理器上，两个电路产生预期的对映体依赖输出状态的概率接近98%。然后将这些电路用作复合量子门的基于物理的相敏基准。对单比特操作引入旋转角度误差并用包括B5、SK1、BB1、H5s和X5等几个复合门替换它们。比较表明单门鲁棒性并不转化为等效的全电路鲁棒性。特别是可变旋转序列不能保持所需的相对相位，不适用于电路纠错。相比之下，H5s/X5序列对于高达50%的相对误差保持高目标态布居数，而基本旋转仅在约8%时达到相同阈值。三级电路表现出类似增强，还揭示了一种误差抵消对称性，只有当相关的全传播子满足逆关系时，在复合替换下的保护才是精确的。
英文摘要
We construct and experimentally implement compact gate-native circuits that simulate the state-transfer interference underlying three- and four-level chiral-resolution protocols. Both models are encoded in a two-qubit register, with the enantiomer-dependent sign of one of the couplings simulated by a conditional-phase operation in the four-level circuit and by the sign of a final rotation in the three-level circuit. On an IBM quantum processor, the two circuits produce the expected enantiomer-dependent output states with probabilities of nearly $98\%$. We then use these circuits as physically motivated, phase-sensitive benchmarks for composite quantum gates. We introduce rotation-angle error to the single-qubit operations and replace them by several composite gates, including B5, SK1, BB1, H5s, and X5. The comparison demonstrates that single-gate robustness does not translate to equivalent whole-circuit robustness. In particular, variable-rotation sequences do not preserve the required relative phases, making them unsuitable for error correction in circuits. By contrast, the H5s/X5 sequences maintain high target-state populations for relative errors as large as $50\%$, whereas elementary rotations reach the same threshold only for approximately $8\%$. The three-level circuit exhibits a similar enhancement and additionally reveals an error-cancellation symmetry whose protection under composite replacement is exact only when the relevant full propagators satisfy an inverse relation.
Comments15 pages, 4 figures
