使用优化的单锥形孔几何结构提高气体电子倍增器对不同带电粒子的性能
Performance Enhancement of Gas Electron Multipliers Using an Optimized Single-Conical Hole Geometry for Different Charged Particles
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究基于Garfield++和ANSYS，对比传统双锥形与优化单锥形GEM探测器对μ子、π介子、K介子和质子的性能，探讨粒子电离特性对电荷放大等的影响，优化几何结构平衡有效增益与离子回流，展现其在高速MPGD应用中的潜力。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
气体电子倍增器（GEMs）是现代高能物理实验中必不可少的探测器组件，需要在宽能量范围内精确稳定地探测带电粒子。我们基于Garfield++和ANSYS对传统双锥形和优化单锥形GEM探测器进行了全面研究，以研究GEM探测器对μ子、π介子、K介子和质子的性能，这些是对撞机实验中直接测量的主要带电粒子。目的是研究粒子相关电离特性对电荷放大和离子回流的影响，并评估优化GEM配置对不同轻子和强子的潜力。传统双锥形GEM设计并非总能以最佳效率运行，离子回流会导致空间电荷积累和电场畸变，最终限制高速环境下的性能。因此，几何优化对于解决这些限制和提高探测器性能至关重要。引入了单锥形孔几何结构并与传统双锥形设计进行了系统比较。对于这两种配置，结果显示探测器性能随粒子类型和入射能量有明显的系统变化。优化的几何结构改善了有效增益和离子回流之间的平衡，证明了其在未来高速MPGD应用中的潜力。
英文摘要
Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) are essential detector components in modern high-energy physics experiments, where precise and stable detection of charged particles over a broad energy range is required. We present a comprehensive Garfield$^{++}$ and ANSYS-based study of conventional bi-conical and optimized single-conical GEM detectors to investigate the performance of the GEM detector for muons ($μ$), pions ($π$), kaons ($K$), and protons ($P$), which constitute the dominant charged particles measured directly in collider-based experiments. The aim is to examine the impact of particle-dependent ionization characteristics on charge amplification and ion backflow, and to evaluate the potential of an optimized GEM configuration for different leptons and hadrons. The conventional bi-conical GEM design does not always operate at optimal efficiency, as ion backflow can lead to space-charge accumulation and electric field distortions, ultimately limiting performance in high-rate environments. Thus, geometrical optimization is essential to address these limitations and enhance detector performance. A single-conical hole geometry is introduced and systematically compared with the conventional bi-conical design. For both of these configurations, the results exhibit clear and systematic variations in the detector performance with the particle type and the incident energy. The optimized geometry improves the balance between effective gain and ion backflow, demonstrating its potential for future high-rate MPGD applications.
