AI 中文总结
研究实际校准误差对宽带GW突发信号搜索管道的影响，通过分析建模与注入活动量化其对检测统计量的影响，发现对检测效率影响小，当前探测器灵敏度下校准误差对信号可检测性影响最小，参数估计影响待研究。
AI 中文摘要
引力波天文台校准的不完善会在测量的引力波（GW）信号上引入频率相关的幅度和相位误差。以往未建模的突发搜索使用均匀幅度缩放或恒定时间偏移等方法来近似这些影响，无法捕捉校准误差的频率相关结构。对于核心坍缩超新星，其预测的GW信号占据宽频带并呈现复杂的时频形态，这一限制存在问题。在这项工作中，我们通过将分析建模与大规模注入活动相结合，研究实际校准误差如何影响突发搜索管道。得出一阶估计以量化频率相关的幅度和相位误差如何影响检测统计量，如相干网络信噪比和相关系数。注入研究证实校准误差确实会改变检测统计量，但主要贡献是通过事件中选择的时频像素数量的变化间接产生的。尽管有这些可测量的变化，但在所有测试波形中，作为距离函数的检测效率差异小于1%，爆炸能量极限仍主要由天体物理不确定性而非校准不确定性主导。这些结果表明，在当前探测器灵敏度下，实际校准误差对宽带GW突发信号的可检测性影响最小。校准误差对参数估计的影响留待未来工作研究。
英文摘要
Imperfections in the calibration of gravitational wave observatories introduce frequency dependent amplitude and phase errors on the measured GW signal. Previous unmodelled burst searches have approximated these effects using prescriptions such as a uniform amplitude rescaling or a constant time shift, which do not capture the frequency-dependent structure of calibration errors. This limitation is problematic for core-collapse supernovae, whose predicted GW signals occupy a wide frequency band and exhibit complex time-frequency morphology. In this work, we investigate how realistic calibration errors affect burst search pipelines by combining analytical modelling with large-scale injection campaigns. First-order estimates are derived to quantify how frequency-dependent amplitude and phase errors influence detection statistics such as the coherent network SNR and the correlation coefficient. These calculations predict that the relative impact on the coherent network SNR scales with the signal strength until it reaches an asymptotic value. The effect on the correlation coefficient is most pronounced near the detection threshold and is entirely suppressed at high SNR ratio. Injection studies confirm that calibration errors do modify the detection statistics, but show that the dominant contribution arises indirectly through changes in the number of time-frequency pixels selected in an event. Despite these measurable variations, detection efficiencies as a function of distance differ by less than one percent across all tested waveforms, and explosion-energy limits remain dominated by astrophysical uncertainties rather than calibration uncertainty. These results demonstrate that, at current detector sensitivity, realistic calibration errors have minimal impact on the detectability of broadband GW burst signals. The impact of calibration errors on parameter estimation is left for future work.
Comments25 pages, 7 figures
