一年零一夜达到哈勃常数测量精度1%：暗警宇宙学的高效光谱策略
One Year and One Night to 1% in $\mathbf{H_0}$: Efficient Spectroscopic Strategy for Dark Siren Cosmology
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究利用引力波事件通过暗警笛法推断哈勃常数$H_0$，确定对LIGO相关网络一年内观测的十个定位最佳事件进行深度约为$r \sim 19$的光谱调查的策略，可在特定精度下有效测量$H_0$。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
致密双星并合产生的引力波事件可作为标准警笛，若源红移已知，可据此测量哈勃常数（$H_0$）。在无电磁对应体时，可通过暗警笛或星系目录法从事件天区定位体积内的星系目录统计推断$H_0$。本文研究了体积限制星系目录深度对该推断的影响，确定了在0.98%的中值精度下无偏测量$H_0$的最有效光谱策略，即对LIGO汉福德、利文斯顿和印度LIGO网络在A$^\#$灵敏度下一年内观测到的十个定位最佳事件进行深度约为$r \sim 19$的光谱调查，最少需一晚电磁后续观测，最保守假设下需五晚。对于A$+$灵敏度下的汉福德、利文斯顿和处女座网络，相同的十事件策略中值精度为2.63%。
英文摘要
Gravitational-wave events from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) can be used as standard sirens: they encode the luminosity distance to their sources, which yields a measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) if the source's redshift is known. In the absence of an electromagnetic counterpart, $H_0$ can still be inferred statistically from the cataloged galaxies within the event's sky localization volume via the dark siren, or galaxy catalog method. In this work we examine how the depth of a volume-limited galaxy catalog affects this inference and identify the most efficient spectroscopic strategy for an unbiased measurement of $H_0$ at a median precision of $0.98\%$. The strategy is to carry out spectroscopic surveys to a depth of $r \sim 19$ for the ten best-localized events observed in one year by the LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, and LIGO-India network at A$^\#$ sensitivity. Such a campaign requires a minimum of one night of electromagnetic follow-up observations, or five nights under the most conservative assumptions. For the Hanford, Livingston, and Virgo network at A$+$ sensitivity, the same ten-event strategy yields a median precision of $2.63\%$.
