在斜坡上滚动的胡椒瓶
Rolling pepper shaker on a slope
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究部分填充颗粒介质的刚性圆柱体在斜面上的滚动行为，采用实验与理论结合的方法，发现多种滚动行为，研究了滑动情况，划分阶段建立相图，从理论上解释转变与相边界，对相关物理应用有重要意义。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
虽然固体物体滚动在日常生活中很常见，但其运动可能极其复杂且蕴含丰富物理特性，特别是当物体有内部自由度时，如半瓶水的塑料瓶，其平动和转动以复杂方式耦合，轨迹难以预测。我们用实验和理论方法分析部分填充颗粒介质的刚性圆柱体在斜面上的滚动行为。实验发现多种滚动行为，包括阻尼振荡停止、蜿蜒并伴随雪崩停止、稳定滚动和匀加速滚动等。研究了滚动时大量滑动的情况，将滚动行为分为三个不同阶段并建立相图。理论上基于刚体力学和颗粒介质静力学解释了停止和滚动的转变及相边界。该研究满足了理解日常现象的好奇心，对从粉末制造技术到机器人技术等广泛物理应用有重要意义。
英文摘要
Although the rolling of a solid object is a mundane phenomenon in our daily life, its movement can be surprisingly complex and physically rich, particularly when the solid object has certain internal degrees of freedom, such as a half-filled plastic bottle of water. The translational and rotational motion of such an object couple in a highly nontrivial manner, often leading to seemingly unpredictable trajectories. We use a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches to analyze the rolling behaviors of a rigid cylinder that is partially filled with granular media, rolling on an inclined plane. We experimentally find a wide variety of rolling behaviors, including damped oscillation leading to a stop, meandering with avalanches coming to a stop, in addition to the stationary rolling and rolling with a constant acceleration. We address the occurrence of substantial slip during rolling, in contrast to what is often assumed. We classify the rolling behavior into three distinct phases and establish a phase diagram. We theoretically explain the transition between stopping and rolling and rationalize the phase boundary based on the rigid-body mechanics combined with the statics of granular media. Our study addresses the curiosity to understand the everyday phenomena and has significant implications for a wide range of physical applications from powder manufacturing technologies to robotics.
