AI 中文总结
研究基于量子光子器件的图态生成助力基于测量的量子计算，回顾相关概念后，探讨光子簇态资源确定性生成，强调逆设计技术对生成高质量、可扩展的光子簇态以实现量子计算的重要性。
AI 中文摘要
光子簇态是基于测量的量子计算（MBQC）的基本资源，MBQC是实现可扩展量子计算的一种有前景的方法。这些高度纠缠态通过局部测量而非门操作实现计算，对容错量子计算至关重要。光子簇态的生成需要高质量纠缠和稳定性，可利用腔量子电动力学（将量子点嵌入光子微腔）来实现，该方法有助于解决光子簇态生成中的关键挑战。提高光子簇态生成率需要提高品质因数（Q因子）及腔与量子点系统的协同性。高Q因子有助于减少光子损失和退相干，确保更稳定和高保真的量子态，还能改善光与物质的相互作用，提高簇态质量。协同性直接影响光子发射效率。优化这些参数可改善纠缠生成，这对产生高质量光子簇态至关重要。因此，优化的腔对于提高光子簇态生成至关重要。可扩展性也是量子计算中大规模簇态生成的重要参数。本文在回顾MBQC、簇态及光子簇态生成后，研究了用于MBQC的光子簇态资源的确定性生成，并强调了逆设计技术对实现此目标的重要性。
英文摘要
Photonic cluster states are fundamental resource for measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), which is a promising approach for scalable quantum computing. These highly entangled states enable computation with applying local measurements rather than gate operations, which makes them essential for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Generation of the photonic cluster states requires high-quality entanglement and stability, which can be done by making use of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED), which is embedding quantum dots (QDs) into photonic microcavities. This method enables controlled single-photon emission and the entanglement of them, helping with key challenges in generating photonic cluster states. Enhancing the generation of the photonic cluster state requires improvement in the quality factor (Q-factor) and therefore, cooperativity of cavity and QD systems. A high Q-factor helps with reduction in photon loss and decoherence, ensuring more stable and high-fidelity quantum states. It also enables better light-matter interactions, improving cluster state quality. Cooperativity, which is a measure for the light-matter coupling strength relative to dissipation, directly impacts photon emission efficiency. Optimization of these parameters improves entanglement generation, which is essential for producing high-quality photonic cluster states. Therefore, optimized cavities are essential for improving the generation of the photonic cluster states. Scalability is also an important parameter for the generation of the large-scale cluster states used in quantum computing. In this paper, after reviewing MBQC, cluster states, and the generation of the photonic cluster states, we investigate the deterministic generation of the photonic cluster state resource for the purpose of MBQC, and highlights the importance of the inverse design techniques for this goal.
Comments8 pages, 8 figures. Qualifying exam paper, originally presented March 2025
