瞬态双峰性的起源
The Origins of Transient Bimodality
AI总结：
研究瞬态双峰性这一鲜为人知的现象，通过连接多领域结果提出理论方法和‘最小模型’，推导存在标准，发现快慢动力学均可导致瞬态双峰性，还讨论了其在科学文献中的作用。
AI中文摘要：
许多动力系统表现出多样的行为模式。在生物学中，这些模式可代表个体或细胞命运。虽然多峰性的出现常被研究，但瞬态双峰性却鲜为人知。在瞬态双峰性下，系统从明确的初始状态过渡到最终状态时，会短暂经历分叉进入多种概率模式。这种噪声驱动现象在环境条件变化时会显著影响细胞分化和物种形成等过程。我们详述了一种理论方法来理解瞬态双峰性，连接生态学、光学、化学反应网络和细胞生物学的结果，提出瞬态双峰性的‘最小模型’并推导其存在的一般标准。我们表明除了熟知的慢到快动力学情况外，快到慢动力学也能导致瞬态双峰性。最后，我们讨论瞬态双峰性在科学文献中的作用，重点是生化动力学和基因调控。
英文摘要：
Many dynamical systems exhibit diverse modes of behavior. In biology, such modes can represent individual or cell fates. While the emergence of multimodality is commonly studied, transient bimodality is much less well understood. Under transient bimodality, a system moving from a well-defined initial to a final state transiently undergoes a bifurcation into multiple probability modes. This noise-driven phenomenon can significantly impact processes such as cell differentiation and speciation in the presence of changing environmental conditions. We detail a theoretical approach for understanding transient bimodality connecting results from ecology, optics, chemical reaction networks and cell biology, propose a ``minimal model'' of transient bimodality and derive a general criterion for its presence. We show that fast-to-slow dynamics can lead to transient bimodality in addition to the well-known case of slow-to-fast dynamics. Finally, we discuss the role of transient bimodality across the scientific literature, with emphasis on biochemical kinetics and gene regulation.
