着装态需要对数渐近对称性
Dressed States Call for Logarithmic Asymptotic Symmetries
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究受维格纳对基本粒子分类启发，探究产生被红外规范玻色子云包裹粒子量子态的群，核心方法是用标准渐近对称性及对数对称性，主要贡献是得出着装粒子希尔伯特空间的分解及相关推论。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
受维格纳将基本粒子分类为时空对称群的不可约酉表示的启发，我们探究何种群能以这种方式产生被红外规范玻色子云包裹的粒子的量子态。我们表明答案由标准渐近对称性（如引力情形下的BMS）以及在arXiv:2305.05436中确定的对数对称性给出。一个推论是着装粒子的希尔伯特空间分解为‘裸’单粒子态空间与软规范玻色子希尔伯特空间的张量积。后者若无对数变换则无法得到，而对数变换最终导致了关键的海森堡中心扩张的出现。
英文摘要
Inspired by Wigner's classification of elementary particles as irreducible unitary representations of a spacetime symmetry group, we ask what group can give rise in this way to the quantum states of a particle dressed with clouds of infrared gauge bosons. We show that the answer is given by standard asymptotic symmetries (such as BMS in the gravitational case), supplemented by the logarithmic symmetries identified in arXiv:2305.05436. A corollary is the factorization of the Hilbert space of a dressed particle as a tensor product of the space of `naked' one-particle states with a Hilbert space of soft gauge bosons. The latter cannot be obtained without logarithmic transformations, which are ultimately responsible for the presence of a crucial Heisenberg central extension.
