AI 中文总结
研究超导量子比特测量中辐射相关问题，通过材料分析、蒙特卡罗研究及晶体动力学模拟，估计能量沉积率、表征背景光谱等，为减轻高能粒子撞击影响提供策略。
AI 中文摘要
宇宙射线和其他形式的电离辐射的相互作用对基于通常在半导体衬底上制造的超导电路的最先进量子设备的可靠运行以及量子计算中的纠错构成重大挑战。SNOLAB 的低温地下测试设施（CUTE）被 2 公里厚的岩石覆盖层屏蔽，提供了独特的超低辐射环境来探测量子技术性能。本文展示了为 SNOLAB 首次地下超导量子比特运行而进行的广泛材料分析计划的结果。材料分析确定的放射性水平进入基于 Geant4 粒子物理跟踪代码的全面蒙特卡罗研究。通过这些模拟，估计了在 CUTE 设施中运行的量子设备组件预期的放射性源能量沉积率。进一步表征了预测背景光谱成分并确定了主要粒子相互作用类型。最后概述了使用 Geant4 的 G4CMP 固态物理扩展进行的晶体动力学模拟如何为全社区确定减轻高能粒子撞击影响的有效策略的努力提供信息。
英文摘要
Interactions of cosmic rays and other forms of ionizing radiation pose a significant challenge to the reliable operation of state-of-the-art quantum devices and error correction in quantum computing based on superconducting circuits which are typically fabricated on semiconductor substrates. Shielded by 2 km of rock overburden, the Cryogenic Underground TEst facility (CUTE) at SNOLAB provides a unique ultra-low radiation environment to probe the performance of quantum technologies with a particular interest in quantum coherence studies. In this article, we present the findings of an extensive material assaying program in preparation for the first underground operation of superconducting qubits at SNOLAB. The radioactivity levels identified by the material assays enter a thorough Monte Carlo study based on the Geant4 particle physics tracking code. From these simulations, we estimate the rates of energy deposits from radiogenic sources expected for a quantum-device assembly operated in the CUTE facility. We further characterize the spectral components of the projected background and identify the dominant particle interaction types. Finally, we outline how crystal dynamics simulations using the G4CMP solid-state physics extension for Geant4 can inform the community-wide efforts to identify effective strategies to mitigate the effects of high-energy particle impacts.
Comments44 pages, 11 figures, 15 tables including appendices. To be submitted to the Journal of Instrumentation
