AI 中文总结
研究针对增益单元嵌入式动态随机存取存储器因保留时间变化需频繁刷新操作的问题，提出结合刷新间隔模型与功耗分析的纠错码（ECC）选择方法，可在给定良率约束下确定最低功耗ECC配置，降低总功耗。
AI 中文摘要
增益单元嵌入式动态随机存取存储器（GCRAM）提供了密集且节能的片上存储，但保留时间变化迫使频繁刷新操作以覆盖最坏情况的比特。纠错码（ECC）可以通过掩盖弱单元的比特错误来缓解这一限制，从而降低刷新成本。然而，ECC引入的额外访问和逻辑能量与更长刷新间隔带来的功耗节省之间的权衡并非易事，特别是考虑到可用ECC选项的广泛范围。为了优化整体功耗，我们提出了一种ECC选择方法，该方法将刷新间隔模型与功耗分析相结合，以在给定良率约束下识别最低功耗的ECC配置。在不同的内存带宽、活动因子和读/写比率下，评估结果表明，最佳ECC选项从刷新主导操作区域中的更强代码转变为访问主导区域中的低开销代码，并且相对于无ECC参考，总功耗降低了46.8%至94.8%。
英文摘要
Gain-cell embedded dynamic random-access memory (GCRAM) offers dense and energy-efficient on-chip storage, but retention-time variations force frequent refresh operations to cover worst-case bits. Error-correction codes (ECCs) can alleviate this limitation by masking bit errors from weak cells and thereby reduce refresh cost. However, the trade-off between the additional access and logic energy introduced by ECCs and the power savings from longer refresh intervals is nontrivial, especially considering the wide range of available ECC options. To optimize overall power consumption, we propose an ECC selection method that combines a refresh-interval model with power analysis to identify the minimum-power ECC configurations under a given yield constraint. Across different memory bandwidths, activity factors, and read/write ratios, the evaluation results show that the best ECC option shifts from stronger codes in refresh-dominated operating regions to lower-overhead codes in access-dominated regions and achieves 46.8% to 94.8% reduction in total power relative to the no-ECC reference.
