AI 中文总结
综述胶子饱和，介绍主题背景，涵盖半经典极限等内容，指出高能强子中胶子占据数可变大，引入Sudakov效应降低其值，还回顾了饱和在QCD相干态中的作用及相关过程讨论。
AI 中文摘要
这是一篇关于胶子饱和的综述。第1节对该主题进行了总体介绍，第2节简要讨论了夸克饱和。第3节涵盖了半经典极限下的胶子饱和以及QCD演化的更一般背景。令人惊讶的是，高能强子中的胶子占据数可变得任意大，远大于1/α。第4节引入了Sudakov效应，在固定耦合和跑动耦合QCD中都将最大胶子占据数降低到小于或等于(1/α)^(3/2)。第5节回顾了饱和在QCD相干态中的作用，并对核遮蔽、重离子碰撞和类Drell-Yan过程进行了简要讨论。
英文摘要
This is a review on gluon saturation. Sec. 1 gives a general introduction to the subject while Sec. 2 has a brief discussion of quark saturation. Sec. 3 covers gluon saturation in a semiclassical limit and the much more general context of QCD evolution. Surprisingly gluon occupancies in a high energy hadron can become arbitrarily large, much larger than $1/α$. Sudakov effects are introduced in Sec. 4 and reduce the maximum gluon occupancies to less than or equal to $(1/α)^{3/2}$ in both fixed coupling and running coupling QCD. In Sec. 5 the role of saturation in coherent states in QCD is reviewed as well as brief discussions on nuclear shadowing, heavy ion collisions and Drell-Yan like processes are given.
