AI 中文总结
针对太赫兹近场感知通信一体化中扩展目标感知难题，提出利用稀疏诱导栅瓣的稀疏连接混合波束成形架构，通过开关控制网络和协方差驱动框架优化相关参数，实现高感知精度、良好通信性能及节能，是可扩展节能方案。
AI 中文摘要
太赫兹频率下的集成感知与通信（ISAC）能实现超高分辨率感知，但面临关键限制：高定向太赫兹波束无法在单个波束内照亮扩展目标。传统解决方案依赖顺序波束扫描，降低了感知精度并增加能耗。此外，在传统稀疏阵列中，栅瓣通常被视为应抑制的不良伪像。本文采用反向设计理念，将稀疏诱导栅瓣设计为用于扩展目标感知的可控辅助照明波束。利用栅瓣提出稀疏连接混合波束成形架构，支持单拍、全孔径照亮扩展目标并支持多用户下行通信。开关控制的稀疏射频网络保留阵列孔径并生成主导主瓣及结构化副瓣覆盖整个目标范围。协方差驱动交替最小化框架联合优化数字预编码器、量化移相器和天线射频切换。140GHz的仿真表明接近全数字克拉美罗下界的感知精度、在低秩太赫兹信道中有竞争力的通信性能、快速收敛以及显著的硬件和节能效果，确立了结构化稀疏连接性是扩展目标太赫兹ISAC的可扩展且节能的解决方案。
英文摘要
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) at terahertz (THz) frequencies enables ultra-high-resolution perception while facing a key limitation: highly directional THz beams cannot illuminate extended targets within a single beam. Conventional solutions rely on sequential beam scanning, reducing sensing accuracy and increasing energy consumption. Moreover, in conventional sparse-array, grating lobes are generally treated as undesirable artifacts that should be suppressed to avoid ambiguity and interference. In contrast, this paper adopts a reverse design philosophy by intentionally engineering sparsity-induced grating lobes as controllable auxiliary illumination beams for extended-target sensing. This paper exploits grating lobes and proposes a sparse-connected hybrid beamforming architecture that intentionally engineers and exploits grating lobes to enable single-shot, full-aperture illumination of extended targets while supporting multi-user downlink communication. A switch-controlled sparse RF network preserves the array aperture and generates a dominant main lobe with structured secondary lobes covering the entire target extent. A covariance-driven alternating-minimization framework jointly optimizes digital precoders, quantized phase shifters, and antenna-RF switching. Simulations at 140 GHz demonstrate near fully-digital Cramer-Rao sensing accuracy, competitive communication performance in low-rank THz channels, rapid convergence, and significant hardware and energy savings, establishing structured sparse connectivity as a scalable and energy-efficient solution for extended-target THz ISAC.
Commentspages 13, Figures 8
