AI 中文总结
研究嵌入quintessence暗能量场的旋转海沃德规则黑洞周围的粘性吸积盘，开发相对论框架，摒弃诺维科夫 - 索恩 - 佩奇模型的无应力内边界，纳入非零粘性扭矩，证明辐射效率与粘性参数无关，给出基准参数下的效率值及粘性放大率等。
AI 中文摘要
我们为嵌入 quintessence 暗能量（DE）场的旋转海沃德规则黑洞周围几何上薄、光学上厚的沙库拉 - 苏尼亚耶夫α粘性吸积盘开发了一个全面的相对论框架。我们时空的静态、球对称构建块是爱因斯坦场方程的精确解，分别由海沃德非线性电磁场和状态方程参数ω < -1/3 的 quintessence 流体产生。我们按照此类模型的标准做法组合并旋转它们，并始终明确所得度规的现象学状态。我们摒弃了诺维科夫 - 索恩 - 佩奇（NTP）模型的无应力内边界，通过相对论垂直周转频率Ω⊥(r)在最内稳定圆轨道（ISCO）处解析地纳入非零粘性扭矩Tcal_in。我们证明了辐射效率η = [1 - E( r_ISCO)]×100%严格独立于粘性参数α，但对海沃德长度尺度l和DE密度ρ0敏感，建立了严格的双观测简并破缺策略。在基准参数（j = 0.4，l = 0.5M_BH，ρ0 = \nolinebreak[4]2×10^-4）下，组合几何结构产生η = 8.71%，大大高于相同自旋下的真空克尔值7.51%。粘性修正δFcal/Fcal_NTP在r→r_ISCO^+时发散，由边界压力的几何修正放大：在α = 0.1时，粘性放大率从0.80 - 4.52%（真空克尔）升至0.87 - 6.76%（海沃德 + DE），提供了一个清晰、单调的观测判别器，可供NICER和NuSTAR使用，与整体光谱归一化无关。
英文摘要
We develop a comprehensive relativistic framework for geometrically thin, optically thick Shakura--Sunyaev $α$-viscous accretion disks around rotating Hayward regular black holes embedded in a quintessence dark energy (DE) field. The static, spherically symmetric building blocks of our spacetime are each exact solutions of the Einstein field equations, sourced respectively by the Hayward non-linear electromagnetic field and a quintessence fluid with equation-of-state parameter $ω<-1/3$; we combine and rotate them following standard practice for this class of models, and we are explicit throughout about the resulting metric's phenomenological status. Abandoning the stress-free inner boundary of the Novikov--Thorne--Page (NTP) model, we analytically incorporate a non-zero viscous torque $\Tcal_{\rm in}$ at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) via the relativistic vertical epicyclic frequency $\Obot(r)$. We prove that the bolometric efficiency $η=[1-E(\rISCO)]\times100\,\%$ is strictly independent of the viscosity parameter $α$ but sensitive to both the Hayward length scale $l$ and the DE density $ρ_0$, establishing a rigorous two-observable degeneracy-breaking strategy. At benchmark parameters ($j=0.4$, $l=0.5M_{\BH}$, $ρ_0=2\times10^{-4}$), the combined geometry yields $η=8.71\,\%$, substantially above the vacuum Kerr value $7.51\,\%$ at the same spin. The viscosity correction $δ\Fcal/\Fcal_{\rm NTP}$ diverges at $r\to\rISCO^+$, amplified by the geometric odification of the boundary pressure: the viscosity amplification ratio rises from $0.80$--$4.52\,\%$ (vacuum Kerr) to $0.87$--$6.76\,\%$ (Hayward+DE) at $α=0.1$, providing a clean, monotonic observational discriminator accessible to \textit{NICER} and \textit{NuSTAR}, independent of the bulk spectral normalisation.
Comments12 pages, 5 figures
