原初黑洞形成与引力波作为一阶相变的多信使信号
PBH formation and Gravitational Waves as Multi-messenger Signals of First-order Phase Transitions
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究早期宇宙一阶相变中假真空域坍缩形成PBH及引力波，用连接条件形式描述，避免临界过密度阈值，研究相变参数空间，发现特定标量场有最大模型参数空间，信号可被多种观测检验。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
早期宇宙一阶相变期间假真空域的坍缩可能导致原初黑洞（PBH）形成，其特征构成了引力波（GW）产生的多信使补充。我们专注于通过假真空域的引力坍缩形成PBH，用连接条件形式描述。该形式动态发展史瓦西坍缩准则，避免使用暴胀后宇宙中的临界过密度阈值，仅由收缩假真空域内的真空能量驱动。我们研究相变的参数空间，确定产生可观测GWs、可观测PBHs或两者同时产生的区域。我们在多项式和经典共形标量场势中作为模型基准研究这种现象学。我们发现真空期望值在1 - 100 MeV范围内的标量场对于这些多信使信号有最大的可用模型参数空间，可通过即将到来的GW观测台、霍金辐射搜索和引力透镜调查进行检验。
英文摘要
The collapse of false-vacuum domains during first-order phase transitions in the early Universe may lead to primordial black hole (PBH) formation whose signatures form a multimessenger complement to gravitational wave (GW) production. We focus on PBH formation through the gravitational collapse of false-vacuum domains, described using a junction condition formalism. This formalism develops the Schwarzschild collapse criterion dynamically, avoiding the usage of critical overdensity thresholds in a post-inflationary Universe, and is driven solely by the vacuum energy enclosed within shrinking false-vacuum domains without the assistance of particle or domain wall interactions in the false vacuum. We study the parameter space of phase transitions and identify regions producing observable GWs, observable PBHs, or both simultaneously. We investigate this phenomenology in polynomial and classically conformal scalar field potentials as model benchmarks. We find that the scalar fields with vacuum expectation values in the range of 1-100 MeV have the largest model parameter space available for these multi-messenger signals, which are testable with upcoming GW observatories, searches for Hawking radiation, and gravitational lensing surveys.
