AI 中文总结
研究QPE和LISA同时探测EMRIs的潜力，指出多数已知QPEs对应的引力波信号频率不在LISA敏感频段且检测偏差可能阻碍同时探测，未来应扩展QPE目录并寻找短周期QPEs以实现多信使探测。
AI 中文摘要
准周期爆发（QPEs）是反复出现的软X射线瞬变，可能由恒星质量物体螺旋落入超大质量黑洞（即极端质量比旋进，EMRIs）产生。EMRIs及其产生的引力波信号是激光干涉空间天线（LISA）的关键目标之一。QPE和LISA同时探测EMRIs的潜力如何？LISA事件的电磁对应物可提供天空定位等。但目前多数已知QPEs对应的引力波信号频率不在LISA敏感频段，且检测选择偏差可能阻碍同时探测。未来搜索应聚焦扩展QPE目录并寻找“黄金”短周期QPEs。
英文摘要
Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are recurring soft X-ray transients that may be generated by inspirals of stellar-mass objects spiraling into supermassive black holes, known as extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs). Independently, EMRIs and the gravitational-wave signals they generate are one of the key targets for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). What is the potential of a coincident detection of EMRIs both as a QPE and by LISA? Electromagnetic counterparts to LISA events would provide sky localization, enable standard siren measurements of the Hubble constant and constrain formation mechanisms of the corresponding inspirals. Combined observations would link the accurate measurements of black hole masses and spins to their galactic nuclear environments and would thus enable lasting synergies with various observations across the electromagnetic spectrum. However, most of the currently known QPEs imply EMRI orbital periods that place the frequencies of the corresponding gravitational-wave signal out of the LISA sensitivity band. Additionally, the selection biases of QPE detections and the LISA instrument may preclude a coincident detection. Future searches should focus on expanding the QPE catalogs and ultimately hunt for ``golden'' short-period QPEs that correspond to EMRIs that fall within the LISA band.
CommentsInvited chapter for the book "Mysterious Repeating Signals from Centers of Galaxies" (Eds. Dheeraj Pasham, Eric Coughlin, Riccardo Arcodia, Petra Sukova, Itai Linial, Springer Singapore, expected in 2027)
