AI 中文总结
研究基于模块化连续孔径阵列（CAPA）的通信系统，通过提出基于分支定界的算法及低复杂度空间带宽感知方案，联合优化子CAPA激活与波束成形，实现频谱效率最大化，展现出较好的性能增益与性能-复杂度权衡。
AI 中文摘要
研究了一种基于模块化连续孔径阵列（CAPA）的多用户通信系统，其中仅激活部分孔径（即子CAPA）来为用户服务。首先介绍了所提出的模块化CAPA的信号模型。基于此模型，制定了频谱效率（SE）最大化问题，以在有限数量的活动子CAPA和总发射功率的约束下联合优化子CAPA激活和波束成形。为解决由此产生的混合整数优化问题，首先提出了一种基于分支定界（B&B）的算法用于最优子CAPA激活和波束成形设计。然后分析了部分激活下模块化CAPA的空间带宽。分析表明，部分子CAPA激活的模块化CAPA可实现与传统CAPA相当的最大空间带宽。基于此见解，进一步提出了一种低复杂度的空间带宽感知子CAPA激活方案。最后，数值结果表明：i）部分激活的模块化CAPA架构始终能比相邻CAPA激活获得更大的性能增益；ii）所提出的B&B方案在SE方面优于所有基准方案；iii）所提出的空间带宽感知方案与基于B&B的算法相比提供了有吸引力的性能-复杂度权衡。
英文摘要
A modular continuous aperture array (CAPA)-based multi-user communication system is investigated, where only a portion of the aperture, namely sub-CAPAs, is activated to serve users. The signal model for the proposed modular CAPA is first introduced. Based on this model, a spectral efficiency (SE) maximization problem is formulated to jointly optimize the sub-CAPA activation and beamforming, subject to constraints on the limited number of active sub-CAPAs and the total transmit power. To address the resulting mixed-integer optimization problem, a branch-and-bound (B&B)-based algorithm is first proposed for optimal sub-CAPA activation and beamforming design. After that, the spatial bandwidth of the modular CAPA under partial activation is analyzed. The analysis reveals that a modular CAPA with partial sub-CAPAs activated could achieve a maximum spatial bandwidth comparable to that of a conventional CAPA. Motivated by this insight, a low-complexity spatial bandwidth-aware sub-CAPA activation scheme is further proposed. Finally, numerical results demonstrate that i) modular CAPA architectures with partial activation can consistently achieve greater performance gains than adjacent CAPA activations; ii) the proposed B&B scheme outperforms all benchmark schemes in terms of SE; and iii) the proposed spatial bandwidth-aware scheme provides an attractive performance-complexity tradeoff compared with the proposed B&B-based algorithm.
Comments13 pages, 9 figures
