发表机构
Taiyuan University of Technology; University of Nottingham; Shandong University; Shanxi University（太原理工大学; 诺丁汉大学; 山东大学; 山西大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究提出通过连续量子绝热演化实现量子锁相检测的通用协议，利用绝热控制量子探针时间演化实现信号调制，解决频谱泄漏问题，给出基于金刚石氮空位中心的实施方案，证明其对实验缺陷有强恢复能力，推动量子传感技术发展。
AI 中文摘要
近年来，量子锁相检测成为精确检测淹没在背景噪声中的微弱信号的一项有前景的技术。然而，现有协议的信噪比受到脉冲形式控制操作导致的频谱泄漏的严重限制。在此，我们提出通过连续量子绝热演化实现量子锁相检测的通用协议。信号调制通过绝热控制量子探针的时间演化实现，能实现三角调制函数。三角波调制的实现从根本上解决了频谱泄漏问题，便于提取目标信号的完整特征。我们给出基于金刚石中氮空位中心的绝热量子锁相检测的实际实施方案，并证明该协议对实验缺陷有很强的恢复能力。我们的结果确立了绝热量子锁相检测作为在噪声环境中检测微弱交变信号的一种稳健且实验上可行的方法，从而推动了实际量子传感技术的发展。
英文摘要
In recent years, quantum lock-in detection has emerged as a promising technique to accurately detect weak signals submerged in background noise. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of existing protocols is severely limited by spectral leakage resulting from control operations implemented in pulse form. Here, we propose a general protocol for realizing quantum lock-in detection by employing successive quantum adiabatic evolution. In our protocol, the signal modulation is achieved by adiabatically controlling the time evolution of the quantum probe, which enables the implementation of sinusoidal modulation functions. The realization of sinusoidal-wave modulation substantially mitigates the problem of spectral leakage and facilitates the extraction of the complete characteristics of the target signals. We present a practical implementation scheme of adiabatic quantum lock-in detection based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, and demonstrate that the proposed protocol possesses strong resilience against experimental imperfections. Our results establish adiabatic quantum lock-in detection as a robust and experimentally accessible approach to detection of weak alternating signals in noisy environments, thus promoting the advance of real-world quantum sensing technologies.
Comments17 pages, 6 figures
