投票的热力学理论与欧盟选举
Thermodynamic theory of voting and EU elections
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究引入投票的热力学理论，通过类比耦合非线性振荡器能量与政党选票份额，利用能量和概率守恒特性，解释欧盟选举政党选票分布，能描绘相关曲线并重现法国总统选举选票离散情况。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们引入了一种投票的热力学理论，并表明它能很好地描述欧盟选举中政党选票的分布情况。该理论追溯了耦合非线性振荡器的系统能量与政党选票份额之间的相似性。这种经典系统演化的特征是总能量守恒和概率范数守恒，导致在低能态出现瑞利 - 金斯（RJ）热化和凝聚现象。类似的热化也描述了社会中的财富不平等。我们证明RJ理论能很好地描绘从欧盟投票结果得到的洛伦兹曲线和帕累托曲线，还能重现法国第一轮总统选举候选人之间选票的离散情况。
英文摘要
We introduce a thermodynamic theory of voting and show that it provides a good description of distribution of party votes in EU elections. The theory traces parallels between system energies of coupled nonlinear oscillators and party vote fractions. Such a classical system evolution is characterized by the conservation of total energy and probability norm that leads to the Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) thermalization and condensation at low energy states. A similar thermalization also describes the wealth inequality in society. This feature belongs to the phenomena of constraint driven condensation known in statistical mechanics. We show that the RJ theory well depicts the Lorenz and Pareto curves obtained from the EU vote results. The theory also recovers the dispersion of votes between candidates of first round presidential elections in France.
