用于研究中微子 - 氩散射中短程关联的微分中性流到带电流双质子可观测量
A Differential Neutral-to-Charged Current Double-Proton Observable for Studying Short-Range Correlations in Neutrino--Argon Scattering
AI总结：
提出以中微子 - 氩相互作用中中性流与带电流双质子产生比率为可观测量研究短程关联，通过带电流与中性流相互作用差异及模拟预测比率变化，可利用现有设备测量，首次直接探测弱双核子发射同位旋结构。
AI中文摘要：
双核子发射是中微子 - 核相互作用建模中的主要不确定因素，尚无中微子测量能约束其短程关联（SRC）分量。我们提出一项测量：中微子 - 氩相互作用中中性流与带电流双质子产生的比率作为质子对相对动量的函数。带电流相互作用将大量中子 - 质子SRC对转化为可见质子对，而中性流相互作用因质子 - 质子对数量少约二十倍而缺乏类似SRC贡献。因此预计该比率在大相对动量时下降，此时带电流SRC贡献占主导，中性流样本提供主要由末态相互作用和多核子过程决定的平滑参考。模拟预测了一种与SRC分数成比例的抑制。通量归一化和相关探测器系统误差在比率中基本抵消，使利用现有液氩时间投影室进行测量可行。此可观测量首次直接实验探测了弱双核子发射的同位旋结构。
英文摘要：
Two-nucleon emission is a leading uncertainty in neutrino--nucleus interaction modeling, and no neutrino measurement constrains its short-range-correlation (SRC) component. We propose such a measurement: the ratio of neutral-current to charged-current two-proton production in neutrino--argon interactions as a function of the proton-pair relative momentum. Charged-current interactions convert the abundant neutron--proton SRC pairs into visible proton pairs, whereas neutral-current interactions lack an analogous SRC contribution because proton--proton pairs are about twenty times less abundant. The ratio is therefore predicted to decrease at large relative momentum, where the charged-current SRC contribution dominates, while the neutral-current sample provides a smooth reference determined mainly by final-state interactions and multinucleon processes. Simulations predict a suppression whose magnitude scales with the SRC fraction. Flux normalization and correlated detector systematics largely cancel in the ratio, making the measurement feasible with existing liquid-argon time projection chambers. Independently of the precise SRC contribution, this observable provides the first direct experimental probe of the isospin structure of weak two-nucleon emission.
