RISTRETTO的DD4AO控制律：鲁棒性、实时性能及使用PAPYRUS的在轨验证
DD4AO control law for RISTRETTO: robustness, real-time performance, and on-sky validation with PAPYRUS
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究展示DD4AO在RISTRETTO仪器中实施进展，它是频域数据驱动的自适应光学控制器。通过凸优化解决相关问题，生成IIR滤波器形式的最优控制器。利用PAPYRUS仪器在轨验证，结果显示其性能良好，验证了它是强大的在轨控制解决方案，是部署的重要里程碑。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本研究展示了DD4AO在RISTRETTO仪器中实施的进展。DD4AO是一种用于自适应光学的新型频域数据驱动控制器，利用功率谱密度估计进行优化并确保稳定性标准。它通过凸优化解决干扰抑制、指令幅度约束和系统传递函数问题，生成无限脉冲响应（IIR）滤波器形式的最优控制器。我们展示了使用上普罗旺斯天文台（OHP）的PAPYRUS仪器对DD4AO进行的在轨验证。观测于2026年3月24日至25日夜间对两颗恒星进行：亮星大角星和暗双星HD137909。DD4AO在长达数小时的曝光中成功维持了闭合稳定环路，同时不断适应不断变化的大气条件。该管道实现了DD4AO与标准控制器（积分器和OMGI）之间的即时切换，便于在每次观测中进行直接统计比较。在大角星上，在λ = 1310 nm时，DD4AO比积分器的斯特列尔比提高了5%，从28.8%提高到33.9%。在HD137909上，由于低信噪比情况，性能差异较小，不过DD4AO始终使用较少的可变形镜行程并抑制了标准控制器残差中出现的振动峰值。这些结果验证了DD4AO作为一种强大的在轨控制解决方案，并代表了其在甚大望远镜（VLT）的RISTRETTO和SAXO+中部署的一个重要里程碑。
英文摘要
This study presents DD4AO progress towards its implementation in the RISTRETTO instrument. DD4AO is a novel frequency-domain, data-driven controller for adaptive optics that leverages power spectral density estimation for optimization while enforcing stability criteria. It addresses disturbance rejection, command amplitude constraints, and system transfer functions through convex optimization, yielding an optimal controller in Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter form. We present the on-sky validation of DD4AO conducted using the PAPYRUS instrument at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP). The observations were performed on two stars over the night of 24-25 March 2026: the bright star Arcturus, and the faint binary HD137909. DD4AO successfully maintained a closed and stable loop over hour-long exposures while continuously adapting to evolving atmospheric conditions. The pipeline enabled instantaneous switching between DD4AO and standard controllers, namely the Integrator and OMGI, allowing direct statistical comparisons throughout each observation. On Arcturus, DD4AO achieved a 5% Strehl ratio improvement over the integrator at lambda = 1310 nm, from 28.8% to 33.9%. On HD137909, performance differences were smaller due to the low-SNR regime, though DD4AO consistently used less deformable mirror stroke and suppressed vibration peaks present in the residuals of the standard controllers. These results validate DD4AO as a robust on-sky control solution and represent an important milestone towards its deployment in RISTRETTO and SAXO+ at the VLT.
