AI 中文总结
研究钱德拉塞卡弛豫理论与N体模拟的差异，通过将理论预测与精确N体数据比较，发现更精确测量可减少不匹配，但残余不匹配对位置和各向异性有依赖，空间不均匀性等或不可避免。
AI 中文摘要
球状星团是已知能用两体弛豫很好描述的系统。近几十年来，许多研究表明钱德拉塞卡的轨道平均理论能够重现数值模拟的许多特征。然而，有人声称理论与模拟之间仍存在差异，比如分布函数变化率的幅度不匹配。本文将钱德拉塞卡理论对各向异性星团的理论预测与精确的N体数据进行比较。结果表明更精确的N体测量能够减少所谓的不匹配。不过，仍存在的不匹配对位置和各向异性都有依赖性。虽然对各向异性的依赖在理论上可定性理解，但径向依赖性意味着空间不均匀性以及集体效应可能是解决理论与模拟之间残余不匹配所不可避免的。
英文摘要
Globular clusters are systems which are known to be particularly well described by two-body relaxation. In recent decades many studies have shown that Chandrasekhar's orbit-averaged theory is able to reproduce many features of numerical simulations. However, it has been claimed that differences between the theory and simulation remain, such as an amplitude mismatch of the rate of change of the distribution function. In this paper we compare the theoretical predictions of Chandrasekhar's theory for anisotropic clusters to precise $N$-body data. We show that more careful $N$-body measurements are able to reduce the claimed mismatch. Nevertheless, we observe a dependency of the remaining mismatch on both position and anisotropy. While the dependence on anisotropy may be understood qualitatively on theoretical grounds, the radial dependence implies that spatial inhomogeneities, and therefore collective effects, may become unavoidable to resolve the residual mismatch between theory and simulations.
Comments13 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, submitted to A&A
