曲面间蒸发毛细桥的界面热流体粘附动力学
Interfacial-Thermo-Fluid-Adhesion Dynamics of Evaporating Capillary Bridges between Curved Surfaces
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究曲面间蒸发毛细桥的界面热流体粘附动力学，开发全耦合瞬态数值框架，综合分析多种因素影响，验证模拟方法，揭示蒸发特性受多种因素制约，明确马兰戈尼流主导及基板曲率等对毛细力和粘附力的影响。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们探究了连接两个弯曲固体基板的液体毛细桥的蒸发机制及相关粘附动力学。系统研究了蒸发过程中热流体物种的耦合传输和毛细粘附的瞬态演化。开发了精确的全耦合瞬态数值框架，先通过水平集方法确定平衡毛细轮廓，再用任意拉格朗日欧拉框架模拟蒸发以跟踪移动的液 - 气界面。综合分析了基板曲率、表面润湿性和固体热导率对蒸发和毛细粘附特性的影响。通过与已发表文献对比验证了该模拟方法。结果表明，亲水性和超疏水性液体桥的蒸发特性受基板曲率和热导率强烈影响，非均匀蒸汽通量产生表面张力梯度驱动内部热毛细循环，无量纲缩放分析表明马兰戈尼流主导浮力诱导流，增加基板曲率会降低总毛细力，粘附力的时间演化受基板曲率和润湿性强烈影响。
英文摘要
We probe the evaporation mechanism, and the associated adhesion dynamics of liquid capillary bridges connecting two curved, solid substrates. The coupled thermo fluid species transport and the transient evolution of capillary adhesion during evaporation are systematically examined. An accurate, fully coupled transient numerical framework is developed, wherein the equilibrium capillary profiles are first determined from level set method. Next, the evaporation is simulated via Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian ALE framework to accurately track the moving liquid vapor interface. The combined influence of substrate curvature, surface wettability, and solid thermal conductivity on evaporation and capillary adhesion character is comprehensively analysed. The simulation methodology is robustly validated against published literature for capillary profiles, evaporation rates, and capillary forces, demonstrating good agreement. Our results reveal that the evaporation characteristics of both hydrophilic and superhydrophobic SH liquid bridges are strongly governed by substrate curvature and thermal conductivity, and increasing values pose favourable condition for augmented interfacial mass transfer rate. The innately non uniform vapour flux generates spatially varying evaporative cooling, producing surface tension gradients that drive internal thermo capillary circulation. A non dimensional scaling analysis shows that Marangoni flow dominates buoyancy induced flow throughout. Also, increasing substrate curvature decreases the overall capillary force, owing to the reduced curvatures of the liquid bridge, while the temporal evolution of the adhesion force is strongly influenced by both substrate curvature and wettability.
