AI 中文总结
研究通过结合半解析框架、玩具蒙特卡罗验证及Geant4光学光子模拟，对基于波长转移光纤和硅光电倍增管读出的塑料闪烁体探测器时间分辨率展开全面研究，给出分析模型并验证，经参数扫描生成设计图和查找表以优化探测器。
AI 中文摘要
我们对通过与硅光电倍增管（SiPM）耦合的波长转移（WLS）光纤读出的塑料闪烁体探测器可实现的时间分辨率进行了全面研究，结合了半解析框架、玩具蒙特卡罗验证和完整的Geant4光学光子模拟。分析模型追踪了完整的光子探测链，将时间分辨率$\sigt$表示为检测到的光电子产额$\Npe$、闪烁体衰变常数（$\taur$，$\taud$）、WLS再发射时间（$\tauwls$）、光纤数值孔径、探测器几何形状和读出电子学参数的函数。分析预测在两个层面得到验证。首先，玩具蒙特卡罗模拟（每个参数点$2\times10^5$个事件，跨越8种光纤类型和$\Npe$从5到200的80个网格点）实现了分析与蒙特卡罗的一致性为$0.9997\pm0.0015$。其次，完整的Geant4光学光子模拟追踪了实际探测器几何形状中的整个闪烁、波长转移和光纤传输链，确认了分析时间预测并提供了第一性原理光电子产额校准。涵盖7种闪烁体材料、8种WLS光纤类型、5种SiPM模型、5种电子配置、3种读出拓扑和三种边界条件的全面参数扫描产生了用于探测器优化的定量设计图和查找表。
英文摘要
We present a comprehensive study of the timing resolution achievable in plastic scintillator detectors read out through wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibers coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), combining a semi-analytical framework, toy Monte Carlo validation, and full Geant4 optical photon simulation. The analytical model traces the complete photon detection chain: scintillation emission, WLS fiber re-emission, optical transit time dispersion, SiPM single-photon time resolution, and electronics quantization. It expresses the timing resolution $\sigt$ as a function of the detected photoelectron yield $\Npe$, scintillator decay constants ($\taur$, $\taud$), WLS re-emission time ($\tauwls$), fiber numerical aperture, detector geometry, and readout electronics parameters. The analytical predictions are validated at two levels. First, toy Monte Carlo simulations ($2\times 10^5$ events per parameter point across 80 grid points spanning 8 fiber types and $\Npe$ from 5 to 200) achieve analytical-to-MC agreement of $0.9997 \pm 0.0015$. Second, full Geant4 optical photon simulations track the entire scintillation, wavelength-shifting, and fiber transport chain in realistic detector geometries, confirming the analytical timing predictions and providing first-principles photoelectron yield calibration. A comprehensive parameter scan covering 7 scintillator materials, 8 WLS fiber types, 5 SiPM models, 5 electronics configurations, 3 readout topologies, and 3 boundary conditions produces quantitative design maps and lookup tables for detector optimization.
